1.安装依赖
sudo apt-get install build-essential libgtk2.0-dev libjpeg-dev libtiff4-dev libjasper-dev libopenexr-dev cmake python-dev python-numpy python-tk libtbb-dev libeigen2-dev yasm libfaac-dev libopencore-amrnb-dev libopencore-amrwb-dev libtheora-dev libvorbis-dev libxvidcore-dev libx264-dev libqt4-dev libqt4-opengl-dev sphinx-common texlive-latex-extra libv4l-dev libdc1394-22-dev libavcodec-dev libavformat-dev libswscale-dev
2.下载OpenCV2.4.9（https://sourceforge.net/projects/opencvlibrary/files/opencv-unix/2.4.9/
或者http://jaist.dl.sourceforge.net/project/opencvlibrary/opencv-unix/2.4.9/）
3.解压并创建编译目录
unzip opencv-2.4.9.zip
cd opencv-2.4.9/
mkdir release
3.cmake生成make文件
cmake -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=RELEASE -D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local -D WITH_TBB=ON -D BUILD_NEW_PYTHON_SUPPORT=ON -D WITH_V4L=ON -D INSTALL_C_EXAMPLES=ON -D INSTALL_PYTHON_EXAMPLES=ON -D BUILD_EXAMPLES=ON -D WITH_QT=ON -D WITH_OPENGL=ON ..
4.编译
make
5.安装
sudo make install
6.配置
sudo sh -c 'echo "/usr/local/lib" > /etc/ld.so.conf.d/opencv.conf'
执行配置：sudo ldconfig
7.测试
通过例子测试
cd /usr/local/share/OpenCV/samples/c
sudo chmod +x build_all.sh
sudo ./build_all.sh
./facedetect --cascade="/usr/local/share/OpenCV/haarcascades/haarcascade_frontalface_alt.xml" --scale=1.5 lena.jpg