Keep other columns when doing groupby

问题

I\'m using groupby on a pandas dataframe to drop all rows that don\'t have the minimum of a specific column. Something like this:

df1 = df.groupby(\"item\", as_index=False)[\"diff\"].min()

However, if I have more than those two columns, the other columns (e.g. otherstuff in my example) get dropped. Can I keep those columns using groupby, or am I going to have to find a different way to drop the rows?

My data looks like:

    item    diff   otherstuff
   0   1       2            1
   1   1       1            2
   2   1       3            7
   3   2      -1            0
   4   2       1            3
   5   2       4            9
   6   2      -6            2
   7   3       0            0
   8   3       2            9

and should end up like:

    item   diff  otherstuff
   0   1      1           2
   1   2     -6           2
   2   3      0           0

but what I\'m getting is:

    item   diff
   0   1      1           
   1   2     -6           
   2   3      0                 

I\'ve been looking through the documentation and can\'t find anything. I tried:

df1 = df.groupby([\"item\", \"otherstuff\"], as_index=false)[\"diff\"].min()

df1 = df.groupby(\"item\", as_index=false)[\"diff\"].min()[\"otherstuff\"]

df1 = df.groupby(\"item\", as_index=false)[\"otherstuff\", \"diff\"].min()

But none of those work (I realized with the last one that the syntax is meant for aggregating after a group is created).

回答1:

Method #1: use idxmin() to get the indices of the elements of minimum diff, and then select those:

>>> df.loc[df.groupby("item")["diff"].idxmin()]
   item  diff  otherstuff
1     1     1           2
6     2    -6           2
7     3     0           0

[3 rows x 3 columns]

Method #2: sort by diff, and then take the first element in each item group:

>>> df.sort_values("diff").groupby("item", as_index=False).first()
   item  diff  otherstuff
0     1     1           2
1     2    -6           2
2     3     0           0

[3 rows x 3 columns]

Note that the resulting indices are different even though the row content is the same.

回答2:

You can use DataFrame.sort_values with DataFrame.drop_duplicates:

df = df.sort_values(by='diff').drop_duplicates(subset='item')
print (df)
   item  diff  otherstuff
6     2    -6           2
7     3     0           0
1     1     1           2

If possible multiple minimal values per groups and want all min rows use boolean indexing with transform for minimal values per groups:

print (df)
   item  diff  otherstuff
0     1     2           1
1     1     1           2 <-multiple min
2     1     1           7 <-multiple min
3     2    -1           0
4     2     1           3
5     2     4           9
6     2    -6           2
7     3     0           0
8     3     2           9

print (df.groupby("item")["diff"].transform('min'))
0    1
1    1
2    1
3   -6
4   -6
5   -6
6   -6
7    0
8    0
Name: diff, dtype: int64

df = df[df.groupby("item")["diff"].transform('min') == df['diff']]
print (df)
   item  diff  otherstuff
1     1     1           2
2     1     1           7
6     2    -6           2
7     3     0           0

回答3:

The above answer worked great if there is / you want one min. In my case there could be multiple mins and I wanted all rows equal to min which .idxmin() doesn't give you. This worked

def filter_group(dfg, col):
    return dfg[dfg[col] == dfg[col].min()]

df = pd.DataFrame({'g': ['a'] * 6 + ['b'] * 6, 'v1': (list(range(3)) + list(range(3))) * 2, 'v2': range(12)})
df.groupby('g',group_keys=False).apply(lambda x: filter_group(x,'v1'))

As an aside, .filter() is also relevant to this question but didn't work for me.

回答4:

If you know that all of your "items" have more than one record you can sort, then use duplicated:

df.sort_values(by='diff').duplicated(subset='item', keep='first')

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/23394476/keep-other-columns-when-doing-groupby