copy many files (same name) contained in different father folder

问题

Hi guys I have a question about unix command line. I have many files like these:

/f/f1/file.txt

/f/f2/file.txt

/f/f3/file.txt

and so on...

I'd like copy all file.txt with their father folder in another folder g like:

/g/f1/file.txt

/g/f2/file.txt

/g/f3/file.txt

I can't copy all content of folder f because in each sub-folder f1, f2, ... I have many other files that I don't want copy.

How could I do this with the command line? Eventually using a bash script?

Thank you!

回答1:

Manual for cp shows this option -

--parents
              use full source file name under DIRECTORY

So if you are on bash v4 you can do something like this -

[jaypal:~/Temp/f] tree
.
├── f1
│   ├── file.txt  # copy this file only with parent directory f1
│   ├── file1.txt
│   └── file2.txt
└── f2
    ├── file.txt  # copy this file only with parent directory f2
    ├── file1.txt
    └── file2.txt

2 directories, 6 files
[jaypal:~/Temp/f] mkdir ../g
[jaypal:~/Temp/f] shopt -s globstar
[jaypal:~/Temp/f] for file in ./**/file.txt; do cp --parents "$file" ../g ; done
[jaypal:~/Temp/f] tree ../g
../g
├── f1
│   └── file.txt
└── f2
    └── file.txt

2 directories, 2 files

回答2:

tar is sometimes helpful for coping files: see the small test:

kent$  tree t g
t
|-- t1
|   |-- file
|   `-- foo ---->####this file we won't copy
|-- t2
|   `-- file
`-- t3
    `-- file
g

3 directories, 4 files

kent$  cd t

kent$  find -name "file"|xargs tar -cf - | tar -xf - -C ../g

kent$  tree ../t ../g
../t
|-- t1
|   |-- file
|   `-- foo
|-- t2
|   `-- file
`-- t3
    `-- file
../g
|-- t1
|   `-- file
|-- t2
|   `-- file
`-- t3
    `-- file

回答3:

Take a look at rsync. Assuming you are in '/',

rsync -r f/ g/ --include "*/" --include "*/file.txt" --exclude "*"

The first include is necessary to tell rsync to look inside the subdirectories (and counteract the last exclude). The second include selects the files you want to copy. The exclude makes sure that other files are not processed in /f that are not of the required pattern.

Note: in case you have symbolic links, rsync will copy the link and not the file the link points to, unless you specify --copy-links.

Example:

$ find f g -type f
f/f1/file.txt
f/f1/fileNew.txt
f/f2/file.txt
f/f3/file.txt
find: g: No such file or directory
$ rsync -r f/ g/ --include "*/" --include "*/file.txt" --exclude "*"
$ find f g -type f
f/f1/file.txt
f/f1/fileNew.txt
f/f2/file.txt
f/f3/file.txt
g/f1/file.txt
g/f2/file.txt
g/f3/file.txt

回答4:

This seems like it's going to help you :

find /f/ -name file.txt -execdir cp -R . /g/ \;

It locates all the files named file.txt in directory /f/, and then, using execdir (which is executed in the directory containing the matched file), copies the directory containing the file to directory /g/.

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/9021931/copy-many-files-same-name-contained-in-different-father-folder

标签

file

bash

unix

copy