Check if object is a 'direct instance' of a class

问题

I have two classes:

class Bar extends Foo { // Foo isn't relevant
  constructor(value) {
    if (!(value instanceof Foo)) throw "InvalidArgumentException: (...)";
    super();
    this.value = value;
  }
}

class Baz extends Bar {
  constructor(value) {
    super(value);
  }
}

The Bar constructor checks if value is an instance of Foo, it throws an error if it isn't. At least, that's what I wanted it to do. If you pass a Bar or a Baz as value, the if-statement returns true as well. The goal is to only let Foos through.
I found this answer already but that didn't really answer my question.

回答1:

Check the constructor:

if (!value || value.constructor !== Foo)
  throw 'InvalidArgumentException: (...)';

or the prototype of the object (this is more similar to what instanceof does):

if (!value || Object.getPrototypeOf(value) !== Foo.prototype)
  throw 'InvalidArgumentException: (...)';

回答2:

You can use a comparison between Object.getPrototypeOf(yourObj) and Foo.prototype to see if yourObj is exactly an instance of Foo. And you can move up the chain by just continuing to call Object.getPrototypeOf for each level.

Example:

class Foo {}

class Bar extends Foo {}
class Baz extends Bar {}

const foo = new Foo();
const bar = new Bar();
const baz = new Baz();

// For this function:
// - level 0 is self
// - level 1 is parent
// - level 2 is grandparent
// and so on.
function getPrototypeAt(level, obj) {
    let proto = Object.getPrototypeOf(obj);
    while (level--) proto = Object.getPrototypeOf(proto);
    return proto;
}

console.log("bar is a foo:", bar instanceof Foo);
console.log("baz is a foo:", baz instanceof Foo);
console.log("foo is exactly a foo:", getPrototypeAt(0, foo) === Foo.prototype);
console.log("bar is exactly a foo:", getPrototypeAt(0, bar) === Foo.prototype);
console.log("bar is direct child of foo:", getPrototypeAt(1, bar) === Foo.prototype);
console.log("baz is direct child of foo:", getPrototypeAt(1, baz) === Foo.prototype);
console.log("baz is direct child of bar:", getPrototypeAt(1, baz) === Bar.prototype);
console.log("baz is grandchild of foo:", getPrototypeAt(2, baz) === Foo.prototype);

回答3:

You should test if value's internal [[Prototype]] is exactly Foo.prototype. You can get the internal [[Prototype]] with Object.getPrototypeOf :

if ( Object.getPrototypeOf( value ) !== Foo.prototype )
   throw "InvalidArgumentException: (...)";

回答4:

If you know all of your classes you can use

if(!(value instanceof Foo && !(value instanceof Bar) && !(value instanceof Baz)))

回答5:

I coined the function for checking relationships between DOM Classes and elements

const getCreator = instance => Object.getPrototypeOf(instance).constructor.name;
// usage
getCreator(document.documentElement) === "HTMLHtmlElement;

回答6:

The problem is that all of your classes you reference are descendants of Foo. Such that new Baz() instanceOf Bar && new Bar() instanceOf Foo === true. So when you ask is Bar instanceOf Foo, it will be true through inheritance.

Due to there being no Java getClass() equivalent in JS, you should use something like:

if (value.constructor.name !== Foo.name)

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/49417099/check-if-object-is-a-direct-instance-of-a-class

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javascript

class

object

instance

subclass