问题
I have a Python 3.5 64 bit program (required by tensorflow for Windows) that uses OpenCV. I am distributing it with pyinstaller.
I built my program with Windows 10
/c/Python35/Scripts/pyinstaller -c DeepMeerkat.spec
On my computer, the .exe builds and runs perfectly. On any other non-Windows 10 machine
On
import cv2
Returns
ImportError: DLL load failed: The specified module could not be found.
I can see a huge amount of discussion on this on pyInstaller thread, but I can't quite tell how to put it into practice. Dependency walker says I'm missing a number of DLLs
api-ms-win-crt-**.dll
Okay, from the pyInstaller threads, I know that these DLLs exist
C:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\10\Redist\ucrt\DLLs
Under multiple subfolders base on architecture.
I tried adding to my .spec file
pathex=["C:/Program Files (x86)/Windows Kits/10/Redist/ucrt/DLLs/"],
Or for my particular architecture
pathex=["C:/Program Files (x86)/Windows Kits/10/Redist/ucrt/DLLs/arm"],
Which is what I thought was being suggested here
"Install the Windows Software Development Kit (SDK) for Windows 10 and expand the .spec-file to include the required DLLs, see “Distributing Software that uses the Universal CRT“ in the above-mentioned link, number 6."
That did not have any effect. I am getting hundreds of errors like
121472 WARNING: lib not found: api-ms-win-crt-runtime-l1-1-0.dll dependency of c:\python35\DLLs\_ssl.pyd
But I can see that DLL here
C:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\10\Redist\ucrt\DLLs\arm
So then I literally copied posthoc the entire folder
cp -r "C:/Program Files (x86)/Windows Kits/10/Redist/ucrt/DLLs/" dist/Lib/
But it's not clear how to connect these to the .exe. Clearly, letting pyInstaller know beforehand is preferable.
I also tried
/c/Python35/Scripts/pyinstaller --path "C:/Program Files (x86)/Windows Kits/10/Redist/ucrt/DLLs/arm" -c DeepMeerkat.spec
And it still did not find them
I've also tried adding that folder to PATH. Any ideas?
回答1:
If you would have provided your spec file I'd could see what's going on. From here its likely your not including files.
There is two methods to go from here:
- Create "one" single file that includes all dll's, pyd files and more... a large exe-file as result.
- The other way is to have it as file + folder filled with dll files, etc... you get a small exe-file.
Check add binary (incl. dll) files here the pyinstaller documentation about including files manually.
Check add data files here the pyinstaller documentation about including files manually.
An example spec-file that includes dll files from your dll folder.
block_cipher = None
a = Analysis(['minimal.py'],
pathex = ['/Developer/PItests/minimal'],
binaries = [ ( 'C:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\10\Redist\ucrt\DLLs', '.' ) ],
datas = [ ('helpmod/help_data.txt', 'helpmod' ) ],
hiddenimports = [],
hookspath = None,
runtime_hooks = None,
excludes = None,
cipher = block_cipher)
pyz = PYZ(a.pure, a.zipped_data, cipher = block_cipher)
exe = EXE(pyz,... )
coll = COLLECT(...)
回答2:
I need to do this myself but haven't yet. I'll try to post my full solution when I do. In the mean time...
I think you may have to explicitly request they be included instead of just expanding the search path.
https://pythonhosted.org/PyInstaller/spec-files.html#adding-binary-files
Probably using the Tree class they mention to collect all the files for you.
https://pythonhosted.org/PyInstaller/advanced-topics.html#the-tree-class
回答3:
I've seen PyInstaller and Py2exe fail to pickup dlls countless times. Personally, I wrap my uses of them in batch or bash for a number of reasons to extend what they do. Logically, I see an argument for wrapping them in py scripts themselves...
Anyway, it may be easier to just copy the dependencies into your installation package through a wrapper script rather then fight with this.
Typically, you'll get a dll missing error thrown at you when try to run something it's missing. Add each one manually to the directory, noting what you needed to include yourself. Then script that.
来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/46416221/pyinstaller-distributing-opencv-from-windows-10-to-windows-10-missing-ucrt-dll