Select NOT IN multiple columns

问题

I need to implement the following query

SELECT * 
FROM   friend 
WHERE  ( friend.id1, friend.id2 ) 
         NOT IN (SELECT id1, 
                        id2 
                 FROM   likes) 

but NOT IN can't be implemented on multiple columns. How do I write this query

回答1:

I'm not sure whether you think about:

select * from friend f
where not exists (
    select 1 from likes l where f.id1 = l.id and f.id2 = l.id2
)

it works only if id1 is related with id1 and id2 with id2 not both.

回答2:

Another mysteriously unknown RDBMS. Your Syntax is perfectly fine in PostgreSQL. Other query styles may perform faster (especially the NOT EXISTS variant or a LEFT JOIN), but your query is perfectly legit.

Be aware of pitfalls with NOT IN, though, when involving any NULL values:

• Find records where join doesn't exist

Variant with LEFT JOIN:

SELECT *
FROM   friend f
LEFT   JOIN likes l USING (id1, id2)
WHERE  l.id1 IS NULL;

See @Michał's answer for the NOT EXISTS variant.
A more detailed assessment of four basic variants:

• Select rows which are not present in other table

回答3:

You should probably use NOT EXISTS for multiple columns.

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/8033604/select-not-in-multiple-columns