Unable to resolve service for type 'Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.RoleManager`

问题

I writing code for adding roles to users in my asp.net core project

Here is my Roles controller.

public class RolesController : Controller
{
    RoleManager<IdentityRole> _roleManager;
    UserManager<AspNetUsers> _userManager;
    public RolesController(RoleManager<IdentityRole> roleManager, UserManager<AspNetUsers> userManager)
    {
        _roleManager = roleManager;
        _userManager = userManager;
    }
    public IActionResult Index() => View(_roleManager.Roles.ToList());

    public IActionResult Create() => View();
    [HttpPost]
    public async Task<IActionResult> Create(string name)
    {
        if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(name))
        {
            IdentityResult result = await _roleManager.CreateAsync(new IdentityRole(name));
            if (result.Succeeded)
            {
                return RedirectToAction("Index");
            }
            else
            {
                foreach (var error in result.Errors)
                {
                    ModelState.AddModelError(string.Empty, error.Description);
                }
            }
        }
        return View(name);
    }

    [HttpPost]
    public async Task<IActionResult> Delete(string id)
    {
        IdentityRole role = await _roleManager.FindByIdAsync(id);
        if (role != null)
        {
            IdentityResult result = await _roleManager.DeleteAsync(role);
        }
        return RedirectToAction("Index");
    }

    public IActionResult UserList() => View(_userManager.Users.ToList());

    public async Task<IActionResult> Edit(string userId)
    {
        // получаем пользователя
        AspNetUsers user = await _userManager.FindByIdAsync(userId);
        if(user!=null)
        {
            // получем список ролей пользователя
            var userRoles = await _userManager.GetRolesAsync(user);
            var allRoles = _roleManager.Roles.ToList();
            ChangeRoleViewModel model = new ChangeRoleViewModel
            {
                UserId = user.Id,
                UserEmail = user.Email,
                UserRoles = userRoles,
                AllRoles = allRoles
            };
            return View(model);
        }

        return NotFound();
    }
    [HttpPost]
    public async Task<IActionResult> Edit(string userId, List<string> roles)
    {

        AspNetUsers user = await _userManager.FindByIdAsync(userId);
        if(user!=null)
        {

            var userRoles = await _userManager.GetRolesAsync(user);

            var allRoles = _roleManager.Roles.ToList();

            var addedRoles = roles.Except(userRoles);

            var removedRoles = userRoles.Except(roles);

            await _userManager.AddToRolesAsync(user, addedRoles);

            await _userManager.RemoveFromRolesAsync(user, removedRoles);

            return RedirectToAction("UserList");
        }

        return NotFound();
    }
}

But when I run app and going to Roles controller. I get this error

An unhandled exception occurred while processing the request. InvalidOperationException: Unable to resolve service for type 'Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.RoleManager`1[Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityRole]' while attempting to activate 'VchasnoCrm.Controllers.RolesController'. Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection.ActivatorUtilities.GetService(IServiceProvider sp, Type type, Type requiredBy, bool isDefaultParameterRequired)

How I can fix this?

回答1:

So for make this works, I need to add this row to Startup.cs file

services.AddIdentity<IdentityUser, IdentityRole>() .AddEntityFrameworkStores<ApplicationDbContext>();

And Change my Roles controller like this

public class RolesController : Controller
{
    RoleManager<IdentityRole> _roleManager;
    UserManager<IdentityUser> _userManager;
    public RolesController(RoleManager<IdentityRole> roleManager, UserManager<IdentityUser> userManager)
    {
        _roleManager = roleManager;
        _userManager = userManager;
    }
    public IActionResult Index() => View(_roleManager.Roles.ToList());

    public IActionResult Create() => View();
    [HttpPost]
    public async Task<IActionResult> Create(string name)
    {
        if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(name))
        {
            IdentityResult result = await _roleManager.CreateAsync(new IdentityRole(name));
            if (result.Succeeded)
            {
                return RedirectToAction("Index");
            }
            else
            {
                foreach (var error in result.Errors)
                {
                    ModelState.AddModelError(string.Empty, error.Description);
                }
            }
        }
        return View(name);
    }

    [HttpPost]
    public async Task<IActionResult> Delete(string id)
    {
        IdentityRole role = await _roleManager.FindByIdAsync(id);
        if (role != null)
        {
            IdentityResult result = await _roleManager.DeleteAsync(role);
        }
        return RedirectToAction("Index");
    }

    public IActionResult UserList() => View(_userManager.Users.ToList());

    public async Task<IActionResult> Edit(string userId)
    {
        // получаем пользователя
        IdentityUser user = await _userManager.FindByIdAsync(userId);
        if(user!=null)
        {
            // получем список ролей пользователя
            var userRoles = await _userManager.GetRolesAsync(user);
            var allRoles = _roleManager.Roles.ToList();
            ChangeRoleViewModel model = new ChangeRoleViewModel
            {
                UserId = user.Id,
                UserEmail = user.Email,
                UserRoles = userRoles,
                AllRoles = allRoles
            };
            return View(model);
        }

        return NotFound();
    }
    [HttpPost]
    public async Task<IActionResult> Edit(string userId, List<string> roles)
    {
        // получаем пользователя
        IdentityUser user = await _userManager.FindByIdAsync(userId);
        if(user!=null)
        {
            // получем список ролей пользователя
            var userRoles = await _userManager.GetRolesAsync(user);
            // получаем все роли
            var allRoles = _roleManager.Roles.ToList();
            // получаем список ролей, которые были добавлены
            var addedRoles = roles.Except(userRoles);
            // получаем роли, которые были удалены
            var removedRoles = userRoles.Except(roles);

            await _userManager.AddToRolesAsync(user, addedRoles);

            await _userManager.RemoveFromRolesAsync(user, removedRoles);

            return RedirectToAction("UserList");
        }

        return NotFound();
    }
}

回答2:

I have encountered a similar issue using .net core 3.0, identity Server 4 & angular SPA default template (Project auto-generated by Rider).

In my case Startup.cs contained:

services.AddDefaultIdentity<ApplicationUser().AddEntityFrameworkStores<ApplicationDbContext>();

I had to add .AddRoles<IdentityRole>() and change it to:

services.AddDefaultIdentity<ApplicationUser().AddRoles<IdentityRole>().AddEntityFrameworkStores<ApplicationDbContext>();

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/53801168/unable-to-resolve-service-for-type-microsoft-aspnetcore-identity-rolemanager