How can I download full webpage by a Python program?

问题

Currently I have a program that can only download the HTML of a given page. Now I want a program that can download all the files of the web page including HTML, CSS, JS and image files(Same as we get on ctrl-s of any website).

My current program is:

import urllib
urllib.urlretrieve ("https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Python_%28programming_language%29", "t3.html")

I have visited many such questions in Stack Overflow, but they are all only downloading the HTML file.

回答1:

The following implementation enables you to get the sub-HTML websites. It can be more developed in order to get the other files you need. I sat the depth variable for you to set the maximum sub_websites that you want to parse to.

import urllib2
from BeautifulSoup import *
from urlparse import urljoin


def crawl(pages, depth=None):
    indexed_url = [] # a list for the main and sub-HTML websites in the main website
    for i in range(depth):
        for page in pages:
            if page not in indexed_url:
                indexed_url.append(page)
                try:
                    c = urllib2.urlopen(page)
                except:
                    print "Could not open %s" % page
                    continue
                soup = BeautifulSoup(c.read())
                links = soup('a') #finding all the sub_links
                for link in links:
                    if 'href' in dict(link.attrs):
                        url = urljoin(page, link['href'])
                        if url.find("'") != -1:
                                continue
                        url = url.split('#')[0] 
                        if url[0:4] == 'http':
                                indexed_url.append(url)
        pages = indexed_url
    return indexed_url


pagelist=["https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Python_%28programming_language%29"]
urls = crawl(pagelist, depth=2)
print urls

Python3 version, 2019. May this saves some time to somebody:

#!/usr/bin/env python


import urllib.request as urllib2
from bs4 import *
from urllib.parse  import urljoin


def crawl(pages, depth=None):
    indexed_url = [] # a list for the main and sub-HTML websites in the main website
    for i in range(depth):
        for page in pages:
            if page not in indexed_url:
                indexed_url.append(page)
                try:
                    c = urllib2.urlopen(page)
                except:
                    print( "Could not open %s" % page)
                    continue
                soup = BeautifulSoup(c.read())
                links = soup('a') #finding all the sub_links
                for link in links:
                    if 'href' in dict(link.attrs):
                        url = urljoin(page, link['href'])
                        if url.find("'") != -1:
                                continue
                        url = url.split('#')[0] 
                        if url[0:4] == 'http':
                                indexed_url.append(url)
        pages = indexed_url
    return indexed_url


pagelist=["https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Python_%28programming_language%29"]
urls = crawl(pagelist, depth=1)
print( urls )

回答2:

You can easily do that with simple python library pywebcopy.

For Current version: 5.0.1


from pywebcopy import save_webpage

url = 'http://some-site.com/some-page.html'
download_folder = '/path/to/downloads/'    

kwargs = {'bypass_robots': True, 'project_name': 'recognisable-name'}

save_webpage(url, download_folder, **kwargs)

You will have html, css, js all at your download_folder. Completely working like original site.

回答3:

Try the Python library Scrapy. You can program Scrapy to recursively scan a website by downloading its pages, scanning, following links:

An open source and collaborative framework for extracting the data you need from websites. In a fast, simple, yet extensible way.

回答4:

Using Python 3+ Requests and other standard libraries.

The function savePage receives a requests.Response and the pagefilename where to save it.

Saves the pagefilename.html on the current folder
Downloads, javascripts, css and images based on the tags script, link and img and saved on a folder pagefilename_files.
Any exception are printed on sys.stderr, returns a BeautifulSoup object .
Requests session must be a global variable unless someone writes a cleaner code here for us.

You certainly can make it better.

import os, sys
import requests
from urllib.parse import urljoin
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup

def soupfindAllnSave(pagefolder, url, soup, tag2find='img', inner='src'):
    if not os.path.exists(pagefolder): # create only once
        os.mkdir(pagefolder)
    for res in soup.findAll(tag2find):   # images, css, etc..
        try:
            filename = os.path.basename(res[inner])  
            fileurl = urljoin(url, res.get(inner))
            # rename to saved file path
            # res[inner] # may or may not exist 
            filepath = os.path.join(pagefolder, filename)
            res[inner] = filepath
            if not os.path.isfile(filepath): # was not downloaded
                with open(filepath, 'wb') as file:
                    filebin = session.get(fileurl)
                    file.write(filebin.content)
        except Exception as exc:      
            print(exc, file=sys.stderr)
    return soup

def savePage(response, pagefilename='page'):    
   url = response.url
   soup = BeautifulSoup(response.text)
   pagefolder = pagefilename+'_files' # page contents 
   soup = soupfindAllnSave(pagefolder, url, soup, 'img', inner='src')
   soup = soupfindAllnSave(pagefolder, url, soup, 'link', inner='href')
   soup = soupfindAllnSave(pagefolder, url, soup, 'script', inner='src')    
   with open(pagefilename+'.html', 'w') as file:
      file.write(soup.prettify())
   return soup

Example saving google page and its contents (google_files folder)

session = requests.Session()
#... whatever requests config you need here
response = session.get('https://www.google.com')
savePage(response, 'google')

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/31205497/how-can-i-download-full-webpage-by-a-python-program

标签

python

request

beautifulsoup