Loading fixtures in django unit tests

问题

I'm trying to start writing unit tests for django and I'm having some questions about fixtures:

I made a fixture of my whole project db (not certain application) and I want to load it for each test, because it looks like loading only the fixture for certain app won't be enough.

I'd like to have the fixture stored in /proj_folder/fixtures/proj_fixture.json.

I've set the FIXTURE_DIRS = ('/fixtures/',) in my settings.py. Then in my testcase I'm trying

fixtures = ['proj_fixture.json']

but my fixtures don't load. How can this be solved? How to add the place for searching fixtures? In general, is it ok to load the fixture for the whole test_db for each test in each app (if it's quite small)? Thanks!

回答1:

Do you really have a folder /fixtures/ on your hard disk?

You probably intended to use:

FIXTURE_DIRS = ('/path/to/proj_folder/fixtures/',)

回答2:

I've specified path relative to project root in the TestCase like so:

from django.test import TestCase

class MyTestCase(TestCase):
    fixtures = ['/myapp/fixtures/dump.json',]
    ...

and it worked without using FIXTURE_DIRS

回答3:

Good practice is using PROJECT_ROOT variable in your settings.py:

import os.path
PROJECT_ROOT = os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__))
FIXTURE_DIRS = (os.path.join(PROJECT_ROOT, 'fixtures'),)

回答4:

Instead of creating fixures folder and placing fixtures in them (in every app), a better and neater way to handle this would be to put all fixtures in one folder at the project level and load them.

from django.core.management import call_command

class TestMachin(TestCase):

    def setUp(self):
        # Load fixtures
        call_command('loaddata', 'fixtures/myfixture', verbosity=0)

Invoking call_command is equivalent to running :

 manage.py loaddata /path/to/fixtures

回答5:

Following are steps to create fixtures for project hello_django with an app named api:

Optional step: create fixture file from database: python manage.py dumpdata --format=json > api/fixtures/testdata.json
Create test directory: api/tests
Create empty file __init__.py in api/tests
Create test file: test_fixtures.py

Run the test (will load your fixtures in database): python manage.py test api.tests

回答6:

I did this and I didn't have to give a path reference, the fixture file name was enough for me.

class SomeTest(TestCase):

    fixtures = ('myfixture.json',)

回答7:

You have two options, depending on whether you have a fixture, or you have a set of Python code to populate the data.

For fixtures, use cls.fixtures, like shown in an answer to this question,

class MyTestCase(django.test.TestCase):
    fixtures = ['/myapp/fixtures/dump.json',]

For Python, use cls.setUpTestData:

class MyTestCase(django.test.TestCase):
    @classmethod
    def setUpTestData(cls):
        cls.create_fixture()  # create_fixture is a custom function

setUpTestData is called by the TestCase.setUpClass.

You can use both, in which case fixtures is loaded first because setUpTestData is called after loading the fixtures.

回答8:

You need to import from django.test import TestCase and NOT from unittest import TestCase. That fixed the problem for me.

回答9:

If you have overridden setUpClass method, make sure you call super().setUpClass() method as the first line in the method. The code to load fixtures is in TestCase class.

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2470634/loading-fixtures-in-django-unit-tests

标签

django

unit-testing

fixtures