Matplotlib: Formatting dates on the x-axis in a 3D Bar graph

问题

Given this 3D bar graph sample code, how would you convert the numerical data in the x-axis to formatted date/time strings? I've attempted using the ax.xaxis_date() function without success. I also tried using plot_date(), which doesn't appear to work for 3D bar graphs. Here is a modified version of the sample code to illustrate what I am trying to do:

from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.dates as dates

dates = [dates.date2num(datetime.datetime(2009,3,12)),
         dates.date2num(datetime.datetime(2009,6,9)),
         dates.date2num(datetime.datetime(2010,1,1)),
         #etc...
         ]

fig = plt.figure()
ax = Axes3D(fig)
for c, z in zip(['r', 'g', 'b', 'y'], [30, 20, 10, 0]):
    xs = np.array(dates)
    ys = np.random.rand(20)
    ax.bar(xs, ys, zs=z, zdir='y', color=c, alpha=0.8)

ax.set_xlabel('Date & Time')
ax.set_ylabel('Series')
ax.set_zlabel('Amount')

plt.show()

回答1:

There might be some confusion here, the Axes3D has the properties w_xaxis, w_yaxis and w_zaxis for the axises instead of the usual xaxix, yaxis, etc..

UPDATE Now uses function to format labels.

from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.dates as dates
import datetime, random
import matplotlib.ticker as ticker

def random_date():
      date = datetime.date(2008, 12,01)
      while 1:
        date += datetime.timedelta(days=30)
        yield (date)

def format_date(x, pos=None):
     return dates.num2date(x).strftime('%Y-%m-%d') #use FuncFormatter to format dates

r_d = random_date()
some_dates = [dates.date2num(r_d.next()) for i in range(0,20)]

fig = plt.figure()
ax = Axes3D(fig,rect=[0,0.1,1,1]) #make room for date labels

for c, z in zip(['r', 'g', 'b', 'y'], [30, 20, 10, 0]):
    xs = np.array(some_dates)
    ys = np.random.rand(20)
    ax.bar(xs, ys, zs=z, zdir='y', color=c, alpha=0.8,width=8)

ax.w_xaxis.set_major_locator(ticker.FixedLocator(some_dates)) # I want all the dates on my xaxis
ax.w_xaxis.set_major_formatter(ticker.FuncFormatter(format_date))
for tl in ax.w_xaxis.get_ticklabels(): # re-create what autofmt_xdate but with w_xaxis
       tl.set_ha('right')
       tl.set_rotation(30)     

ax.set_ylabel('Series')
ax.set_zlabel('Amount')

plt.show()

Produces:

alt text http://www.imagechicken.com/uploads/1265570252049424000.png

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2195983/matplotlib-formatting-dates-on-the-x-axis-in-a-3d-bar-graph

标签

python

numpy

graph

matplotlib

data-analysis