经营你的iOS应用日志(一):开始编写日志组件

余生颓废 提交于 2019-12-18 03:36:26

如果你去4S店修车,给小工说你的车哪天怎么样怎么样了,小工有可能会立即搬出一台电脑,插上行车电脑把日志打出来,然后告诉你你的车发生过什么故障。汽车尚且如此,何况移动互联网应用呢。

本文第一篇:经营你的iOS应用日志(一):开始编写日志组件

 

言归正传。开发iOS应用,解决Crash问题始终是一个难题。Crash分为两种,一种是由EXC_BAD_ACCESS引起的,原因是访问了不属于本进程的内存地址,有可能是访问已被释放的内存;另一种是未被捕获的Objective-C异常(NSException),导致程序向自身发送了SIGABRT信号而崩溃。其实对于未捕获的Objective-C异常,我们是有办法将它记录下来的,如果日志记录得当,能够解决绝大部分崩溃的问题。这里对于UI线程与后台线程分别说明。

先看UI线程。iOS SDK提供了NSSetUncaughtExceptionHandler函数,用法如:

NSSetUncaughtExceptionHandler( handleRootException );

这样在UI线程发生未捕获异常后,进程崩溃之前,handleRootException会被执行。这个函数实现如下

static void handleRootException( NSException* exception ){    NSString* name = [ exception name ];    NSString* reason = [ exception reason ];    NSArray* symbols = [ exception callStackSymbols ]; // 异常发生时的调用栈    NSMutableString* strSymbols = [ [ NSMutableString alloc ] init ]; // 将调用栈拼成输出日志的字符串    for ( NSString* item in symbols )    {        [ strSymbols appendString: item ];        [ strSymbols appendString: @"\r\n" ];    }    // 写日志,级别为ERROR    writeCinLog( __FUNCTION__, CinLogLevelError, @"[ Uncaught Exception ]\r\nName: %@, Reason: %@\r\n[ Fe Symbols Start ]\r\n%@[ Fe Symbols End ]", name, reason, strSymbols );    [ strSymbols release ];        // 这儿必须Hold住当前线程,等待日志线程将日志成功输出,当前线程再继续运行    blockingFlushLogs( __FUNCTION__ );    // 写一个文件,记录此时此刻发生了异常。这个挺有用的哦    NSDictionary* dict = [ NSDictionary dictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys:            currentCinLogFileName(), @"LogFile",                // 当前日志文件名称            currentCinLogFileFullPath(), @"LogFileFullPath",    // 当前日志文件全路径            [ NSDate date ], @"TimeStamp",                        // 异常发生的时刻            nil ];    NSString* path = [ NSString stringWithFormat: @"%@/Documents/", NSHomeDirectory() ];    NSString* lastExceptionLog = [ NSString stringWithFormat: @"%@LastExceptionLog.txt", path ];    [ dict writeToFile: lastExceptionLog atomically: YES ];    }

而我们的日志组件必须实现blockingFlushLogs函数,确保进程在日志完全写入文件后再退出。这个实现应该很简单吧。

当应用下次启动时,我们可以检查,如果有LastExceptionLog.txt,则弹窗引导测试人员将日志发过来。如果iPhone上面配置了EMail帐户,可以很简单的调用MFMailComposeViewController将日志文件作为附件发送,当然也可以想其它办法。

记得正式发布的版本要将它条件编译去掉哦。

其中文件中的最后一条ERROR即为导致崩溃的异常,而从ERROR之前的日志可以看出当前程序的运行情况。ERROR如下:

<- 03-20 17:21:43 ERROR -> [UI] -[CinUIRunLoopActionManager(Protected) handleRootException:][ Uncaught Exception ]Name: NSDestinationInvalidException, Reason: *** -[CinThreadRunLoopActionManager performSelector:onThread:withObject:waitUntilDone:modes:]: target thread exited while waiting for the perform[ Fe Symbols Start ]0   CoreFoundation                      0x340c88d7 __exceptionPreprocess + 1861   libobjc.A.dylib                     0x343181e5 objc_exception_throw + 322   CoreFoundation                      0x340c87b9 +[NSException raise:format:] + 03   CoreFoundation                      0x340c87db +[NSException raise:format:] + 344   Foundation                          0x35a12493 -[NSObject(NSThreadPerformAdditions) performSelector:onThread:withObject:waitUntilDone:modes:] + 9985   Foundation                          0x35a3afb5 -[NSObject(NSThreadPerformAdditions) performSelector:onThread:withObject:waitUntilDone:] + 1086   MyiOSapplication                    0x0022b7e9 -[CinThreadRunLoopActionManager(Protected) performAction:] + 14413  UIKit                               0x374b36b5 -[UIViewController _setViewAppearState:isAnimating:] + 14414  UIKit                               0x374b38c1 -[UINavigationController viewWillAppear:] + 28815  UIKit                               0x374b36b5 -[UIViewController _setViewAppearState:isAnimating:] + 14416  UIKit                               0x3750e61b -[UIViewController beginAppearanceTransition:animated:] + 19017  UIKit                               0x3750b415 -[UITabBarController transitionFromViewController:toViewController:transition:shouldSetSelected:] + 18418  UIKit                               0x3750b357 -[UITabBarController transitionFromViewController:toViewController:] + 3019  UIKit                               0x3750ac91 -[UITabBarController _setSelectedViewController:] + 30020  UIKit                               0x3750a9c5 -[UITabBarController setSelectedIndex:] + 24021  MyiOSapplication                    0x0007ef1d +[Utility ResetCurrentTabIndex] + 17222  MyiOSapplication                    0x001a87bd -[UIViewController(statusBar) dismissModalViewControllerAnimatedEx:] + 41623  MyiOSapplication                    0x001793fb -[ImageProcessingViewController save:] + 69024  CoreFoundation                      0x34022435 -[NSObject performSelector:withObject:withObject:] + 5225  UIKit                               0x3748c9eb -[UIApplication sendAction:to:from:forEvent:] + 6226  UIKit                               0x3748c9a7 -[UIApplication sendAction:toTarget:fromSender:forEvent:] + 3027  UIKit                               0x3748c985 -[UIControl sendAction:to:forEvent:] + 4428  UIKit                               0x3748c6f5 -[UIControl(Internal) _sendActionsForEvents:withEvent:] + 49229  UIKit                               0x3748d02d -[UIControl touchesEnded:withEvent:] + 47630  UIKit                               0x3748b50f -[UIWindow _sendTouchesForEvent:] + 31831  UIKit                               0x3748af01 -[UIWindow sendEvent:] + 38032  UIKit                               0x374714ed -[UIApplication sendEvent:] + 35633  UIKit                               0x37470d2d _UIApplicationHandleEvent + 580834  GraphicsServices                    0x308a3df3 PurpleEventCallback + 88235  CoreFoundation                      0x3409c553 __CFRUNLOOP_IS_CALLING_OUT_TO_A_SOURCE1_PERFORM_FUNCTION__ + 3836  CoreFoundation                      0x3409c4f5 __CFRunLoopDoSource1 + 14037  CoreFoundation                      0x3409b343 __CFRunLoopRun + 137038  CoreFoundation                      0x3401e4dd CFRunLoopRunSpecific + 30039  CoreFoundation                      0x3401e3a5 CFRunLoopRunInMode + 10440  GraphicsServices                    0x308a2fcd GSEventRunModal + 15641  UIKit                               0x3749f743 UIApplicationMain + 109042  MyiOSapplication                    0x000d4ccb main + 17443  MyiOSapplication                    0x000039c8 start + 40[ Fe Symbols End ]

可以看到,即使我们没有编译时生成的符号文件,也能够打印出调用栈上的每个函数的名称,只是没有文件名和行号。

那么,除了UI线程之外,自己创建的后台线程呢?运行NSRunLoop的后台线程的线程函数应该如下:

- ( void ) threadProc: ( NSString* )threadName{    NSThread* current = [ NSThread currentThread ];    [ current setName: threadName ];    NSAutoreleasePool *pool = [ [ NSAutoreleasePool alloc ] init ];        // 一个没有实际作用的NSTimer,确保NSRunLoop不退出。不知道有没有更好的办法啊    _dummyTimer = [ [ NSTimer timerWithTimeInterval: 10.0                                             target: self                                           selector: @selector( dummyTimerProc: )                                           userInfo: nil                                            repeats: YES ] retain ];        NSRunLoop *r = [ NSRunLoop currentRunLoop ];    [ r addTimer: _dummyTimer forMode: NSDefaultRunLoopMode ];    @try {        // 启动后台线程的NSRunLoop        [ r run ];    }    @catch ( NSException *exception ) {        [ self handleRootException: exception ];        // 一旦在线程根上捕捉到未知异常,记录异常后本线程退出    }    @finally {        [ _dummyTimer invalidate ];        [ _dummyTimer release ];        [ pool release ];    }}

后台线程的handleRootException与UI线程基本一致。不过为了测试人员更加方便,其实只要不是UI线程发生未捕获异常,都可以先引导用户发送日志,再把进程崩溃掉。

 

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