如果你去4S店修车,给小工说你的车哪天怎么样怎么样了,小工有可能会立即搬出一台电脑,插上行车电脑把日志打出来,然后告诉你你的车发生过什么故障。汽车尚且如此,何况移动互联网应用呢。
本文第一篇:经营你的iOS应用日志(一):开始编写日志组件
言归正传。开发iOS应用,解决Crash问题始终是一个难题。Crash分为两种,一种是由EXC_BAD_ACCESS引起的,原因是访问了不属于本进程的内存地址,有可能是访问已被释放的内存;另一种是未被捕获的Objective-C异常(NSException),导致程序向自身发送了SIGABRT信号而崩溃。其实对于未捕获的Objective-C异常,我们是有办法将它记录下来的,如果日志记录得当,能够解决绝大部分崩溃的问题。这里对于UI线程与后台线程分别说明。
先看UI线程。iOS SDK提供了NSSetUncaughtExceptionHandler函数,用法如:
NSSetUncaughtExceptionHandler( handleRootException );
这样在UI线程发生未捕获异常后,进程崩溃之前,handleRootException会被执行。这个函数实现如下
static void handleRootException( NSException* exception ){ NSString* name = [ exception name ]; NSString* reason = [ exception reason ]; NSArray* symbols = [ exception callStackSymbols ]; // 异常发生时的调用栈 NSMutableString* strSymbols = [ [ NSMutableString alloc ] init ]; // 将调用栈拼成输出日志的字符串 for ( NSString* item in symbols ) { [ strSymbols appendString: item ]; [ strSymbols appendString: @"\r\n" ]; } // 写日志,级别为ERROR writeCinLog( __FUNCTION__, CinLogLevelError, @"[ Uncaught Exception ]\r\nName: %@, Reason: %@\r\n[ Fe Symbols Start ]\r\n%@[ Fe Symbols End ]", name, reason, strSymbols ); [ strSymbols release ]; // 这儿必须Hold住当前线程,等待日志线程将日志成功输出,当前线程再继续运行 blockingFlushLogs( __FUNCTION__ ); // 写一个文件,记录此时此刻发生了异常。这个挺有用的哦 NSDictionary* dict = [ NSDictionary dictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys: currentCinLogFileName(), @"LogFile", // 当前日志文件名称 currentCinLogFileFullPath(), @"LogFileFullPath", // 当前日志文件全路径 [ NSDate date ], @"TimeStamp", // 异常发生的时刻 nil ]; NSString* path = [ NSString stringWithFormat: @"%@/Documents/", NSHomeDirectory() ]; NSString* lastExceptionLog = [ NSString stringWithFormat: @"%@LastExceptionLog.txt", path ]; [ dict writeToFile: lastExceptionLog atomically: YES ]; }
而我们的日志组件必须实现blockingFlushLogs函数,确保进程在日志完全写入文件后再退出。这个实现应该很简单吧。
当应用下次启动时,我们可以检查,如果有LastExceptionLog.txt,则弹窗引导测试人员将日志发过来。如果iPhone上面配置了EMail帐户,可以很简单的调用MFMailComposeViewController将日志文件作为附件发送,当然也可以想其它办法。
记得正式发布的版本要将它条件编译去掉哦。

其中文件中的最后一条ERROR即为导致崩溃的异常,而从ERROR之前的日志可以看出当前程序的运行情况。ERROR如下:
<- 03-20 17:21:43 ERROR -> [UI] -[CinUIRunLoopActionManager(Protected) handleRootException:][ Uncaught Exception ]Name: NSDestinationInvalidException, Reason: *** -[CinThreadRunLoopActionManager performSelector:onThread:withObject:waitUntilDone:modes:]: target thread exited while waiting for the perform[ Fe Symbols Start ]0 CoreFoundation 0x340c88d7 __exceptionPreprocess + 1861 libobjc.A.dylib 0x343181e5 objc_exception_throw + 322 CoreFoundation 0x340c87b9 +[NSException raise:format:] + 03 CoreFoundation 0x340c87db +[NSException raise:format:] + 344 Foundation 0x35a12493 -[NSObject(NSThreadPerformAdditions) performSelector:onThread:withObject:waitUntilDone:modes:] + 9985 Foundation 0x35a3afb5 -[NSObject(NSThreadPerformAdditions) performSelector:onThread:withObject:waitUntilDone:] + 1086 MyiOSapplication 0x0022b7e9 -[CinThreadRunLoopActionManager(Protected) performAction:] + 14413 UIKit 0x374b36b5 -[UIViewController _setViewAppearState:isAnimating:] + 14414 UIKit 0x374b38c1 -[UINavigationController viewWillAppear:] + 28815 UIKit 0x374b36b5 -[UIViewController _setViewAppearState:isAnimating:] + 14416 UIKit 0x3750e61b -[UIViewController beginAppearanceTransition:animated:] + 19017 UIKit 0x3750b415 -[UITabBarController transitionFromViewController:toViewController:transition:shouldSetSelected:] + 18418 UIKit 0x3750b357 -[UITabBarController transitionFromViewController:toViewController:] + 3019 UIKit 0x3750ac91 -[UITabBarController _setSelectedViewController:] + 30020 UIKit 0x3750a9c5 -[UITabBarController setSelectedIndex:] + 24021 MyiOSapplication 0x0007ef1d +[Utility ResetCurrentTabIndex] + 17222 MyiOSapplication 0x001a87bd -[UIViewController(statusBar) dismissModalViewControllerAnimatedEx:] + 41623 MyiOSapplication 0x001793fb -[ImageProcessingViewController save:] + 69024 CoreFoundation 0x34022435 -[NSObject performSelector:withObject:withObject:] + 5225 UIKit 0x3748c9eb -[UIApplication sendAction:to:from:forEvent:] + 6226 UIKit 0x3748c9a7 -[UIApplication sendAction:toTarget:fromSender:forEvent:] + 3027 UIKit 0x3748c985 -[UIControl sendAction:to:forEvent:] + 4428 UIKit 0x3748c6f5 -[UIControl(Internal) _sendActionsForEvents:withEvent:] + 49229 UIKit 0x3748d02d -[UIControl touchesEnded:withEvent:] + 47630 UIKit 0x3748b50f -[UIWindow _sendTouchesForEvent:] + 31831 UIKit 0x3748af01 -[UIWindow sendEvent:] + 38032 UIKit 0x374714ed -[UIApplication sendEvent:] + 35633 UIKit 0x37470d2d _UIApplicationHandleEvent + 580834 GraphicsServices 0x308a3df3 PurpleEventCallback + 88235 CoreFoundation 0x3409c553 __CFRUNLOOP_IS_CALLING_OUT_TO_A_SOURCE1_PERFORM_FUNCTION__ + 3836 CoreFoundation 0x3409c4f5 __CFRunLoopDoSource1 + 14037 CoreFoundation 0x3409b343 __CFRunLoopRun + 137038 CoreFoundation 0x3401e4dd CFRunLoopRunSpecific + 30039 CoreFoundation 0x3401e3a5 CFRunLoopRunInMode + 10440 GraphicsServices 0x308a2fcd GSEventRunModal + 15641 UIKit 0x3749f743 UIApplicationMain + 109042 MyiOSapplication 0x000d4ccb main + 17443 MyiOSapplication 0x000039c8 start + 40[ Fe Symbols End ]
可以看到,即使我们没有编译时生成的符号文件,也能够打印出调用栈上的每个函数的名称,只是没有文件名和行号。
那么,除了UI线程之外,自己创建的后台线程呢?运行NSRunLoop的后台线程的线程函数应该如下:
- ( void ) threadProc: ( NSString* )threadName{ NSThread* current = [ NSThread currentThread ]; [ current setName: threadName ]; NSAutoreleasePool *pool = [ [ NSAutoreleasePool alloc ] init ]; // 一个没有实际作用的NSTimer,确保NSRunLoop不退出。不知道有没有更好的办法啊 _dummyTimer = [ [ NSTimer timerWithTimeInterval: 10.0 target: self selector: @selector( dummyTimerProc: ) userInfo: nil repeats: YES ] retain ]; NSRunLoop *r = [ NSRunLoop currentRunLoop ]; [ r addTimer: _dummyTimer forMode: NSDefaultRunLoopMode ]; @try { // 启动后台线程的NSRunLoop [ r run ]; } @catch ( NSException *exception ) { [ self handleRootException: exception ]; // 一旦在线程根上捕捉到未知异常,记录异常后本线程退出 } @finally { [ _dummyTimer invalidate ]; [ _dummyTimer release ]; [ pool release ]; }}
后台线程的handleRootException与UI线程基本一致。不过为了测试人员更加方便,其实只要不是UI线程发生未捕获异常,都可以先引导用户发送日志,再把进程崩溃掉。
来源:https://www.cnblogs.com/alario/archive/2012/03/28/2421574.html