Find or Create with Eloquent

问题

I have recently started working with Laravel and Eloquent, and was wondering about the lack of a find or create option for models. You could always write, for example:

$user = User::find($id);
if (!$user) {
    $user = new User;
}

However, is there not a better way to find or create? It seems trivial in the example, but for more complex situations it would be really helpfully to either get an existing record and update it or create a new one.

回答1:

Below is the original accepted answer for: Laravel-4

There is already a method findOrFail available in Laravel and when this method is used it throws ModelNotFoundException on fail but in your case you can do it by creating a method in your model, for example, if you have a User model then you just put this function in the model

// Put this in any model and use
// Modelname::findOrCreate($id);
public static function findOrCreate($id)
{
    $obj = static::find($id);
    return $obj ?: new static;
}

From your controller, you can use

$user =  User::findOrCreate(5);
$user->first_name = 'John';
$user->last_name = 'Doe';
$user->save();

If a user with id of 5 exists, then it'll be updated, otherwise a new user will be created but the id will be last_user_id + 1 (auto incremented).

This is another way to do the same thing:

public function scopeFindOrCreate($query, $id)
{
    $obj = $query->find($id);
    return $obj ?: new static;
}

Instead of creating a static method, you can use a scope in the Model, so the method in the Model will be scopeMethodName and call Model::methodName(), same as you did in the static method, for example

$user =  User::findOrCreate(5);

Update:

The firstOrCreate is available in Laravel 5x, the answer is too old and it was given for Laravel-4.0 in 2013.

In Laravel 5.3, the firstOrCreate method has the following declaration:

public function firstOrCreate(array $attributes, array $values = [])

Which means you can use it like this:

User::firstOrCreate(['email' => $email], ['name' => $name]);

User's existence will be only checked via email, but when created, the new record will save both email and name.

API Docs

回答2:

Alternatively, in this case you can also use Laravel's function and search for id as an attribute, i.e.

$user = User::firstOrCreate(['id' => $id]);

回答3:

Laravel 4 models have a built-in findOrNew method that does what you need:

$user = User::findOrNew($id);

回答4:

In Laravel 5:
There are two methods you may use to create models by mass assigning attributes: firstOrCreate and firstOrNew.
The firstOrCreate method will attempt to locate a database record using the given column / value pairs. If the model can not be found in the database, a record will be inserted with the given attributes.
The firstOrNew method, like firstOrCreate will attempt to locate a record in the database matching the given attributes. However, if a model is not found, a new model instance will be returned. Note that the model returned by firstOrNew has not yet been persisted to the database. You will need to call save manually to persist it:

// Retrieve the flight by the attributes, or create it if it doesn't exist...
$flight = App\Flight::firstOrCreate(['name' => 'Flight 10']);

// Retrieve the flight by the attributes, or instantiate a new instance...
$flight = App\Flight::firstOrNew(['name' => 'Flight 10']);

回答5:

Find or New based on primary key id

$user = User::findOrNew($id); // if exist then update else insert
$user->name= $data['full_name'];
$user->save();

First or New based on non-primary key single filed

// get the record where field_name=value else insert new record
$user = User::firstOrNew(['field_name'=>'value']); 
$user->name= $data['full_name'];
$user->save();

First or New based on non-primary key multiple filed

// get the record where field_name1=value1 and field_name2=value2, else insert new record
$user = User::firstOrNew(['field_name1'=>'value1','field_name2'=>'value2']);
$user->name= $data['full_name'];
$user->save();

回答6:

You can use firstOrCreate (It's working with Laravel 4.2)

$bucketUser = BucketUser::firstOrCreate([
    'bucket_id' => '1',
    'user_id'   => '2',
]);

returns found instance or new instance.

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/20309033/find-or-create-with-eloquent

标签

php

laravel

laravel-4

eloquent