display a matrix, including the values, as a heatmap

问题

What I'd like to do is take this matrix:

> partb
                0.5  1.5   1a   1b   -2   -3
A1FCLYRBAB430F 0.26 0.00 0.74 0.00 0.00 0.00
A1SO604B523Q68 0.67 0.33 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
A386SQL39RBV7G 0.00 0.33 0.33 0.33 0.00 0.00
A3GTXOXRSE74WD 0.41 0.00 0.08 0.03 0.05 0.44
A3OOD9IMOHPPFQ 0.00 0.00 0.33 0.00 0.33 0.33
A8AZ39QM2A9SO  0.13 0.54 0.18 0.13 0.00 0.03

And then make a heatmap that has each of the values in the now colored cells.

Making a heatmap is easy:

> heatmap( partb, Rowv=NA, Colv=NA, col = heat.colors(256),  margins=c(5,10))

But for the life of me I can't figure out how to put the value in each of the cells.

What am I missing? Surely this is a common thing.

回答1:

Try heatmap.2 from the gplots package. The cellnote and notecol parameters control the text placed in cells. You'll probably want dendrogram = "none" as well.

回答2:

For example:

m <- matrix(1:30, ncol=6)
colnames(m) <- paste("C", 1:6, sep="")
rownames(m) <- paste("R", 1:5, sep="")
m

image(1:ncol(m), 1:nrow(m), t(m), col = terrain.colors(60), axes = FALSE)
axis(1, 1:ncol(m), colnames(m))
axis(2, 1:nrow(m), rownames(m))
for (x in 1:ncol(m))
  for (y in 1:nrow(m))
    text(x, y, m[y,x])

回答3:

You can use image and text. I personally like image.plot from the fields package, because it adds a legend on the side, but you can use it with image too.

So for instance

require(fields)
# Make a 10x10 matrix
m = matrix(rnorm(100), nrow=10)
image.plot(m)
for (x in 1:10)
    for (y in 1:10)
        text((x-1)/9, (y-1)/9, sprintf("%0.2f", m[x,y]))

回答4:

levelplot() from the lattice package will give you a color legend. Not exactly what you want but something to think about.

回答5:

Following lcgong (unfortunately I can post a direct comment) the pure transposition led to problems with the color representation. Accordingly, I rotated the matrix again and it worked. You can find the function as follows. Please make sure that the selected heatmap color scale works with n between 3 and 11. If desired, you can simply select another one here.

heatmap <- function(data, rowN, colN, xTitle = "", yTitle = "", numColors)
{
    # transpose and rotate matrix clockswise 90 degrees 
    dataAdjusted <- t(apply(data,2,rev))

    image(1:ncol(data), 1:nrow(data), xlab = xTitle, ylab = yTitle, dataAdjusted, col = rev(brewer.pal(numColors,"RdYlBu")), axes = FALSE)
    axis(1, 1:ncol(data), colN)
    axis(2, 1:nrow(data), rowN)

    for (x in 1:ncol(data))
        for (y in 1:nrow(data))
            # add text values into matrix based on transposed/rotated indices + round values to two digits
            text(x, y, round(dataAdjusted[x,y],2))
}

# required lib
library(RColorBrewer)

# Make a 8x8 matrix
m = matrix(rnorm(64), nrow=8)

# row names
rowN <- c("row 01", "row 02", "row 03", "row 04", "row 05", "row 06", "row 07", "row 08");
# column names
colN <- c("col 01", "col 02", "col 03", "col 04", "col 05", "col 06", "col 07", "col 08");

# without axis titles    
heatmap(m, rowN, colN, numColors = 10)

# alternatively with titles
heatmap(m, rowN, colN, xTitle = "xTest", yTitle = "yTest", numColors = 10)

回答6:

There is another simpler way to make heatmaps with values. You can use pheatmap to do this.

dat <- matrix(rnorm(100, 3, 1), ncol=10)
names(dat) <- paste("X", 1:10)
install.packages('pheatmap') # if not installed already
library(pheatmap)
pheatmap(dat, display_numbers = T)

This will give you a plot like this

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3789549/display-a-matrix-including-the-values-as-a-heatmap

标签

heatmap