问题
I have the following code for a plot with 2 y-axes in MATLAB. I am glad that the 2-axes feature works, however, I would like to avoid the overlapping of the bars. Also, the categories on the right-hand axis should have different colors, not only yellow, yet it should be somehow clear that they are plotted on the right-hand axis and not the left one. How can this be done?
EONMW = [100 399 500];
RWEMW = [200 996 120];
GermanByEON = [0.2 0.4 0.5];
GermanByRWE = [0.1 0.5 0.9];
EONGermanPortfolio = [0.7 0.2 0.1];
RWEGermanPortfolio = [0.8 0.3 0.6];
years = [2010 2012 2014];
% Plot
values1 = [EONMW; RWEMW]';
values2 = [GermanByEON; GermanByRWE; EONGermanPortfolio; RWEGermanPortfolio]';
years1 = [years; years]';
years2 = [years; years; years; years]';
figure;
bar(years1,values1);
ylabel('Utilities generation portfolio in MW')
yyaxis right
bar(years2,values2);
legend('EON German portfolio in MW', 'RWE German portfolio in MW',...
'Percentage of German portfolio by EON', 'Percentage of German portfolio by RWE',...
'EON"s percentage of generation in Germany', 'RWE"s percentage of generation in Germany')
legend('Location','northwest')
ylabel('Utilities generation portfolio as percentages')
回答1:
I'm not sure what exactly these bars mean, and so I may have missed the point of the figure (which could be the main problem here). However, I find this way of presentation not pleasing and misleading, as it takes a lot of effort from the reader to understand which value belongs to which bar, and what is comparable and what's not.
What I suggest here, is not a direct answer to the technical problem (which you have already got from @Dev-iL), but a different solution for the more basic problem - how to visualize these data? I believe that if I'll understand what the numbers represent (percentage from what?) and what you want to emphasize with this plot, I can find a better solution.
First, the code:
EONMW = [100 399 500];
RWEMW = [200 996 120];
GermanByEON = [0.2 0.4 0.5];
GermanByRWE = [0.1 0.5 0.9];
EONGermanPortfolio = [0.7 0.2 0.1];
RWEGermanPortfolio = [0.8 0.3 0.6];
years = [2010 2012 2014].';
values1 = [EONMW; RWEMW].';
values2 = [GermanByEON; GermanByRWE; EONGermanPortfolio; RWEGermanPortfolio].'*100;
% Plot
colMap = mat2cell(lines(2),[1 1],3); % Choose your favorite colors
figure(2);
% upper plot:
subplot 211
b = bar(years,values1);
set(b,{'FaceColor'},colMap)
xticklabels({}) % remove the years labels, the bottom axes will show them
ylabel('Utilities generation portfolio in MW')
legend('EON German', 'RWE German',...
'Location','northwest')
% bottom plot
subplot 212
b = bar(years,values2);
set(b,{'FaceColor'},repmat(colMap,2,1)) % matching the colors by topic
set(b,{'FaceAlpha'},{1;1;0.6;0.6}) % distiguish between related mesures
xlabel('Year')
ylabel('Utilities generation portfolio (%)')
legend('German portfolio by EON', 'German portfolio by RWE',...
'EON''s generation in Germany', 'RWE''s generation in Germany',...
'Location','north')
The result:
The major things I changed:
- Split the bars by the units of the y-axis, but align them by the x-axis
- Match the colors of related bars between the plots
- Shorten legends and labels
Good luck!
回答2:
I agree that it is somewhat difficult to read this sort of plot, but perhaps there's a way to improve the situation a little.
The main thing I changed was adding invisible bars (using NaN) so that the color order remains intact:
function q54071610
EONMW = [100 399 500];
RWEMW = [200 996 120];
GermanByEON = [0.2 0.4 0.5];
GermanByRWE = [0.1 0.5 0.9];
EONGermanPortfolio = [0.7 0.2 0.1];
RWEGermanPortfolio = [0.8 0.3 0.6];
years = [2010 2012 2014];
% Plot
values1 = [[EONMW; RWEMW].' NaN(3,4)];
values2 = [NaN(3,2) [GermanByEON; GermanByRWE; EONGermanPortfolio; RWEGermanPortfolio].'];
years1 = repmat(years.', [1,6]);
figure;
bar(years1,values1, 'EdgeColor', 'b', 'LineWidth', 2);
ylabel('Utilities generation portfolio in MW')
yyaxis right
hB = bar(years1,values2, 'EdgeColor', 'r', 'LineWidth', 2);
c = lines(6);
for ind1 = 1:6
hB(ind1).FaceColor = c(ind1, :);
end
legend('EON German portfolio in MW', 'RWE German portfolio in MW',...
'Percentage of German portfolio by EON', 'Percentage of German portfolio by RWE',...
'EON"s percentage of generation in Germany', 'RWE"s percentage of generation in Germany')
legend('Location','northwest')
ylabel('Utilities generation portfolio as percentages')
Which results in:
Now you should explain that red-framed bars belong to the right axis whereas blue-framed bars belong to the left.
回答3:
It is best if you define bar(x,y) as b=bar(x,y) then control the options of b one of such is b.FaceColor. Take a look at the following code
EONMW = [100 399 500];
RWEMW = [200 996 120];
GermanByEON = [0.2 0.4 0.5];
GermanByRWE = [0.1 0.5 0.9];
EONGermanPortfolio = [0.7 0.2 0.1];
RWEGermanPortfolio = [0.8 0.3 0.6];
years = [2010 2012 2014];
x=0.2;
% Plot
values1 = [EONMW; RWEMW]';
values2 = [GermanByEON; GermanByRWE; EONGermanPortfolio; RWEGermanPortfolio]';
years1 = [years; years]';
years2 = [years; years; years; years]';
figure;
b1=bar(years1,values1,x*0.66);
ylabel('Utilities generation portfolio in MW')
yyaxis right
b2=bar(years2,values2,x);
%%%%%%%%%%%%
%%%%%%%%%%%%
%% Defining colors
b1(1).FaceColor=[1 0 0];
b1(2).FaceColor=[0 1 0];
b2(1).FaceColor=[0 0 1];
b2(2).FaceColor=[1 1 0];
b2(3).FaceColor=[0 1 1];
b2(4).FaceColor=[1 0 1];
%%%%%%%%%%%%
%%%%%%%%%%%%
%%
legend('EON German portfolio in MW', 'RWE German portfolio in MW',...
'Percentage of German portfolio by EON', 'Percentage of German portfolio by RWE',...
'EON"s percentage of generation in Germany', 'RWE"s percentage of generation in Germany')
legend('Location','northwest')
ylabel('Utilities generation portfolio as percentages')
which is your code plus the following block
%%%%%%%%%%%%
%%%%%%%%%%%%
%% Defining colors
b1(1).FaceColor=[1 0 0];
b1(2).FaceColor=[0 1 0];
b2(1).FaceColor=[0 0 1];
b2(2).FaceColor=[1 1 0];
b2(3).FaceColor=[0 1 1];
b2(4).FaceColor=[1 0 1];
%%%%%%%%%%%%
%%%%%%%%%%%%
%%
and the result is as follows
also a trigger option x has been added to control bar width.
来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/54071610/bar-plot-with-two-y-axes