tkinter Multiple Buttons Colour Change

问题

I'm using tkinter to create a 8x8 button matrix, which when the individual buttons are pressed add to a final list (eg finalList = ((0,0),(5,7),(6,6), ...), allowing me to quickly create 8x8 (x,y) co-ordinate images. I have created the window with the buttons but now have issues trying to reference these buttons in a function to add to a list or even change the colour of the button

I have read that once the button is created and you create another it moves to that button reference. I suspect I need to use a dict or 2D array to store all these reference of buttons but am struggling to figure out a solution.

from tkinter import *

class App:

    def updateChange(self):
        '''
        -Have the button change colour when pressed
        -add coordinate to final list
        '''
        x , y = self.xY
        self.buttons[x][y].configure(bg="#000000")

    def __init__(self, master):
        frame = Frame(master)
        frame.pack()

        self.buttons = [] # Do I need to create a dict of button's so I can reference the particular button I wish to update?
        for matrixColumn in range(8):
            for matrixRow in range(8):
                self.xY = (matrixColumn,matrixRow)
                stringXY = str(self.xY)
                self.button = Button(frame,text=stringXY, fg="#000000", bg="#ffffff", command = self.updateChange).grid(row=matrixRow,column=matrixColumn)
                self.buttons[matrixColumn][matrixRow].append(self.button)


root = Tk()
app = App(root)
root.mainloop()

Example of the 8x8 Matrix

回答1:

Below are 2 examples, the first is if you just want to change the colour and nothing else then you can do it without using a list. The second involves using a list and demonstrates what Delioth has pointed out

class App(object):
    def __init__(self, master):
        self._master = master

        for col in range(8):
            for row in range(8):
                btn = tk.Button(master, text = '(%d, %d)' % (col, row), bg = 'white')
                btn['command'] = lambda b = btn: b.config(bg = 'black')
                btn.grid(row = row, column = col)

class App(object):
    def __init__(self, master):
        self._master = master
        self._btn_matrix = []

        for col in range(8):
            row_matrix = []
            for row in range(8):
                btn = tk.Button(master, text = '(%d, %d)' % (col, row), bg = 'white',
                                command = lambda x = row, y = col: self.update(x, y))
                btn.grid(row = row, column = col)
                row_matrix.append(btn)
            self._btn_matrix.append(row_matrix)

    def update(self, row, col):
        self._btn_matrix[col][row].config( bg = 'black' )

if __name__ == '__main__':
    root = tk.Tk()
    app = App(root)
    root.mainloop()

回答2:

self.xY is set to 7,7 in your double for loop and never changed. If you want it to be different for each button, you may want to change updateChange to take two parameters (x,y), and pass them in as the command for the button using something like; lambda x=matrixColumn y=matrixRow: self.updateChange(x,y)

Example updateChange

def updateChange(self, x, y):
    '''...'''
    self.buttons[x][y].configure(bg="black")

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/38212206/tkinter-multiple-buttons-colour-change