Summarizing inside a Django template

问题

I have the following template in django, i want to get the totals of the last 2 columns for each of my document objects

{% for documento in documentos %}
    {% for cuenta in documento.cuentasxdocumento_set.all %}
        <tr {% cycle 'class="gray"' '' %} >
            {% if forloop.first %}
                    <td>{{ documento.fecha_creacion.date }}</td>
                    <td>{{ cuenta.cuenta.nombre }}</td>
                    <td>
                        {% if cuenta.monto >= 0 %}
                            {{ cuenta.monto}}
                        {% endif %}
                    </td>
                    <td>
                        {% if cuenta.monto <= 0 %}
                            {{ cuenta.monto }}
                        {% endif %}
                    </td>
            {% else %}

                    <td colspan="4"></td>
                    <td>{{ cuenta.cuenta.codigo }}</td>
                    <td>{{ cuenta.cuenta.nombre }}</td>
                    <td>
                        {% if cuenta.monto <= 0 %}
                            {{ cuenta.monto }}
                        {% endif %}
                    </td>
                    <td>
                        {% if cuenta.monto >= 0 %}
                            {{ cuenta.monto }}
                        {% endif %}
                    </td>

            {% endif %}
        </tr>
    {% endfor %}
    <tr>
        <td colspan="1"></td>
        <td>Document Total</td>
        <td></td>
        <td></td>
    </tr>
{% endfor %}

This is all done using the following models, which are simplified for the purpose of this question

class Documento(models.Model):
    numero_impreso = models.CharField(max_length=50)
    fecha_creacion = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add = True)


    cuentas = models.ManyToManyField('CuentaContable', through = 'CuentasXDocumento', null = True)

    def __unicode__(self):
        return self.tipo.nombre + ": " + self.numero_impreso

class CuentasXDocumento(models.Model):
    cuenta = models.ForeignKey('CuentaContable')
    documento = models.ForeignKey('Documento')

    monto = models.DecimalField(max_digits= 14, decimal_places = 6)
    linea = models.IntegerField()

class CuentaContable(models.Model):
    codigo = models.CharField(max_length=50)
    nombre = models.CharField(max_length=100)    
    def __unicode__(self):
        return self.nombre

Finally I'm sorry for the bad english :)

回答1:

From my experience with Django, I would say that these things aren't easily done in the template. I try to do my calculations in the view instead of the template.

My recommendation would be to calculate the two sums you need in the view instead of the template.

That beings said, it is possible to do some work in the template using custom filters and tags. Using filters it might look like this:

<td>{% documento.cuentasxdocumento_set.all | sum_monto:"pos" %}</td>
<td>{% documento.cuentasxdocumento_set.all | sum_monto:"neg" %}</td>

Filters take two arguments, the value that you pass to the filter and an argument that you can use to control its behavior. You could use the last argument to tell sum_monto to sum the positive values or the negative values.

This is a quick untested filter implementation off the top of my head:

from django import template

register = template.Library()

@register.filter
def sum_monto(cuentas, op):
    if op == "pos":
         return sum(c.monto for c in cuentas if c.monto > 0)
    else
         return sum(c.monto for c in cuentas if c.monto < 0)

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3748356/summarizing-inside-a-django-template