Recursive function counting and printing partitions of 1 to n-1

问题

I am trying write a recursive function(it must be recursive) to print out the partitions and number of partitions for 1 to n-1. For example, 4 combinations that sum to 4:

I am just having much trouble with the function. This function below doesn't work. Can someone help me please?

 int partition(int n, int max)
{

  if(n==1||max==1)
    return(1);
  int counter = 0;
  if(n<=max)
    counter=1;
  for(int i = 0; n>i; i++){
          n=n-1;
          cout << n << "+"<< i <<"\n";
          counter++;
          partition(n,i);         
        }

  return(counter);
}

回答1:

This is a simple pseudocode , see if you understand , initial call is with recPartition(n,1)

int A[100]
int n
int cnt = 0
recPartition(int remaining,int indx)
    if(remaining <0 )
       return
    if(remaining == 0)
        print from 1 to indx in A
        ++cnt
        return
    for i from 1 to remaining
         if(i!=n)
             A[indx] = i
             recPartition(remaining-i,indx+1)

回答2:

Here's a good start on your problem:

#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>

void partition(int n, int sum, int *summands, int num_summands)
{
  int i;

  if (sum == n)  // base case of recursion
  {
    if (num_summands > 1)  // don't print n by itself
    {
      for (i = 0; i < num_summands; ++i)
        printf("%d ", summands[i]);

      printf("\n");
    }
  }
  else
  {
    /* TODO: fill in recursive case */
    /* Iteratively recurse after appending one additional, varying summand to summands */
    /* It might be easier to first generate all permutations of the sums */
    /* and then figure out how to reduce that down to only the unique sets of summands (think sorting) */
  }
}

int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
  if (argc == 1)
  {
    printf("usage: %s <num>; where num > 1\n", argv[0]);
    return 1;
  }

  int n = atoi(argv[1]);

  if (n <= 1)
  {
    printf("usage: %s <num>; where num > 1\n", argv[0]);
    return 1;
  }

  int summands[n+1];               // NOTE: +1's are to make summands[-1] always safe inside recursion

  summands[0] = 1;                 // NOTE: make summands[-1] == 1 at top level of recursion
  partition(n, 0, summands+1, 0);  // NOTE: +1's are to make summands[-1] always safe inside recursion

  return 0;
}

If you need a count of the sums you find, then you can add an extra parameter to partition that is a pointer to (int) a count of the sums found so far. You'd only increment that count in your printing base case. In main, you'd pass a pointer to a zero initialized integer and in the recursion you'd just pass the pointer along. When you get back to main you can print the number of sums you found.

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/28891477/recursive-function-counting-and-printing-partitions-of-1-to-n-1

标签

c++

recursion

partition