问题
I need to understand the difference between starting a command using init.d script and service start.
For example what is the difference between
/etc/init.d/nginx start and service nginx start.
回答1:
They do the same thing except service runs the script in a controlled environment. From the service(8) man page:
DESCRIPTION
service runs a System V init script in as predictable environment as possible, removing most environment variables and with current working directory set to
/.ENVIRONMENT
LANG,TERM
The only environment variables passed to the init scripts.
回答2:
Furthermore:
Calling /etc/init.d/* scripts directly is deprecated by facts because:
On latest Debian/Ubuntu distro ( and derived ), sysvinit ( which was default init system ) has been replaced by either upstart or systemd. Thus, if one of the service is managed using either an usptart job or systemd unit configuration file, calling /etc/init.d/* will be a NOOP in sense that the script will exit without further information.
Instead, users must use the service command to start/stop/restart services. The service command is a wrapper which will invoke the right script, in as predictable environment as possible, whatever the init system in use ( sysinit, upstart or systemd ).
来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/22509654/difference-between-starting-a-command-using-init-d-script-and-service-start