##第二. Oracle Network配置
配置和管理Oracle Network 的工具:
- Enterprise Manager 的“Net Services Administration（网络服务管理）”页
1. Oracle Net Manager
- 提供一个图形用户界面(GUI)，通过这个界面可在本地客户机 或服务器主机的Oracle 主目录中配置Oracle Net Services。Oracle Net Manager 允许您在本地客户机或服务器主机的Oracle 主目录中配置Oracle Net Services。可以使用Net Manager 配置以下网络组件： - 命名：定义简单的名称和连接标识符，并将它们映射至连接描述符以确定网络位置和服务标识。Oracle Net Manager 支持在本地tnsnames.ora 文件或集中式目录服务中配置连接描述符。 - 命名方法：配置将连接标识符解析为连接描述符的不同方法。 - 概要文件：配置用于在客户机或服务器上启用和配置Oracle Net 功能的首选项。配置sqlnet.ora 参数。 - 监听程序：创建和配置监听程序以接收客户机连接。listener.ora
2. Oracle Net Configuration Assistant
- 安装Oracle 软件时通过Oracle Universal Installer来启动。使用Oracle Net Configuration Assistant 可配置Oracle DB 的监听协议地址和服务信息。在典型的数据库安装期间，Oracle Net Configuration Assistant 会自动配置一个名为LISTENER 的监听程序，该监听程序具有数据库的TCP/IP 监听协议地址。 如果执行定制安装，则Oracle Net Configuration Assistant 会提示您配置所选的监听程序名称和协议地址。安装数据库之后，使用Oracle Net Configuration Assistant 进行初始网络配置。然后，可以使用Oracle Enterprise Manager 和Oracle Net Manager 配置和管理您的网络。
- 命令行 用于启动、停止监听程序进程或查看监听程序进程的状态。
3. 数据库服务注册
- 动态服务注册：oracle 10g以上 用netca方式建立的都默认为动态注册方式。
status READY- listener实时的都知道实例的状态，数据库在关闭的时候会动态的从listener中注销。 - 当数据库关闭的时候，就无法远程的启动数据库。
LSNRCTL> status listener
Connecting to (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=)(PORT=1521))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias LISTENER
Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.2.0 - Production
Start Date 29-MAY-2015 02:40:43
Uptime 0 days 4 hr. 48 min. 35 sec
Trace Level off
Security ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP OFF
Listener Parameter File /home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File /home/oracle/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/hzvscmdb/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=hzvscmdb.qa.webex.com)(PORT=1521)))
Services Summary...
Service "tonytest.qa.webex.com" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "tonytest", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "tonytestXDB.qa.webex.com" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "tonytest", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully
- 静态服务注册：
status UNKNOWN- listener不知道实例的状态，只有在进程通过其连接数据库时才能知道，如果你想使用远程管理数据库就使用静态监听。 - 可以远程起数据库。
LSNRCTL> status listener2
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=0.0.0.200)(PORT=1523)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias listener2
Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.2.0 - Production
Start Date 29-MAY-2015 05:05:23
Uptime 0 days 2 hr. 25 min. 13 sec
Trace Level off
Security ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP OFF
Listener Parameter File /home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File /home/oracle/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/hzvscmdb/listener2/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=0.0.0.200)(PORT=1523)))
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=0.0.0.200)(PORT=1524)))
Services Summary...
Service "tonytest.qa.webex.com" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "tonytest", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully
###################################################################
[oracle@hzvscmdb admin]$ more listener.ora
LISTENER2 =
(DESCRIPTION=
(ADDRESS_LIST=
(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=0.0.0.200)(PORT=1523))
(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=0.0.0.200)(PORT=1524))
)
)
SID_LIST_LISTENER2=
(SID_LIST=
(SID_DESC=
(GLOBAL_DBNAME=tonytest.qa.webex.com)
(SID_NAME=tonytest)
(ORACLE_HOME=/home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1)
)
)
注：LISTENER2 和 SID_LIST_LISTENER2 名字匹配
- 手工注册监听
alter system register;
- 修改动态注册的默认端口1521 方法一
Alter system set local_listener='(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 0.0.0.200)(PORT = 1522))'
alter system register;
- 方法二
[oracle@hzvscmdb admin]$ more listener.ora
LISTENER1 =
(DESCRIPTION=
(ADDRESS_LIST=
(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=0.0.0.200)(PORT=1522))
)
)
SID_LIST_LISTENER1=
(SID_LIST=
(SID_DESC=
(GLOBAL_DBNAME=tonytest.qa.webex.com)
(SID_NAME=tonytest)
(ORACLE_HOME=/home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1)
)
)
[oracle@hzvscmdb admin]$ more tnsnames.ora
LISTENER1=
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 0.0.0.200)(PORT = 1522))
)
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.2.0 Production on Fri May 29 09:54:22 2015
Copyright (c) 1982, 2010, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.2.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning option
SQL> Alter system set local_listener= LISTENER1;
SQL> alter system register;
SQL> show parameter local_listener;
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
local_listener string LISTENER1
说明：LISTENER2注册的实例和服务器默认的监听一样,listener status，也就是默认的监听状态，我们发现，动态监听没有了，剩下的静态监听。更进一步，我们发现，只要我们成功设置了local_listener的值，包括实例和服务名不和默认监听一样，PMON都会在等待local_listener对应的监听。
LSNRCTL> status listener1
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=0.0.0.200)(PORT=1522)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias listener1
Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.2.0 - Production
Start Date 29-MAY-2015 09:49:26
Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 9 min. 2 sec
Trace Level off
Security ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP OFF
Listener Parameter File /home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File /home/oracle/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/hzvscmdb/listener1/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=0.0.0.200)(PORT=1522)))
Services Summary...
Service "tonytest.qa.webex.com" has 2 instance(s).
Instance "tonytest", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Instance "tonytest", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "tonytestXDB.qa.webex.com" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "tonytest", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully
来源：oschina
链接：https://my.oschina.net/u/2010611/blog/422367