简介
Spring提供spring-test-5.2.1.RELEASE.jar 可以整合junit。
优势:可以简化测试代码(不需要手动创建上下文,即手动创建spring容器)
使用spring和junit集成的步骤
1.导入jar包
2.创建包com.igeek.test,创建类SpringTest
通过@RunWith注解,使用junit整合spring
通过@ContextConfiguration注解,指定spring容器的位置
3.通过@Autowired注解,注入需要测试的对象
在这里注意两点:
将测试对象注入到测试用例中
测试用例不需要配置
,因为使用测试类运行的时候,会自动启动注解的支持(仅对该测试类启用)
举例说明一下
1.第一种:在applicationContext.xml中不开启注解扫描
配置文件:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop https://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd"> <bean id="userService" class="com.igeek.service.impl.UserServiceImpl"></bean> </beans>
service层:
public class UserServiceImpl implements IUserService { @Override public void save() { System.out.println("save..."); } }
测试类:
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class) @ContextConfiguration(locations = "classpath:applicationContext.xml") public class Test01 { @Autowired private IUserService userService; @Test public void test01(){ userService.save(); } }
2.第二种:在applicationContext.xml中开启注解扫描
配置文件:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop https://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd"> <!--开启注解扫描--> <context:component-scan base-package="com.igeek"></context:component-scan> </beans>
service层:
@Service("userService") public class UserServiceImpl implements IUserService { @Override public void save() { System.out.println("save..."); } }
测试类:
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class) @ContextConfiguration(locations = "classpath:applicationContext.xml") public class Test01 { @Autowired private IUserService userService; @Test public void test01(){ userService.save(); } }