问题
I have the following custom QML Item, which will represent a pin code entry GUI element:
import QtQuick 2.0
import QtQuick.Layouts 1.2
import QtQuick.Controls 1.3
import "../items"
Item
{
id: ueKeypad
width: 512
height: 512
Rectangle
{
id: ueKeypadWrapper
antialiasing: true
anchors.fill: parent
ColumnLayout
{
id: ueKeypadLayoutMain
antialiasing: true
layoutDirection: Qt.LeftToRight
spacing: 8
anchors.fill: parent
ColumnLayout
{
id: ueKeypadTitleLayout
layoutDirection: Qt.LeftToRight
Layout.fillWidth: true
Layout.minimumHeight: 24
Layout.preferredHeight: 24
Layout.maximumHeight: 24
Text
{
Layout.fillWidth: true
Layout.fillHeight: true
text: qsTr("PIN ENTRY")
clip: true
font.bold: true
font.pointSize: 24
textFormat: Text.RichText
verticalAlignment: Text.AlignVCenter
horizontalAlignment: Text.AlignHCenter
} // Text
} // ColumnLayout
GridLayout
{
id: ueKeypadNumbersLayout
Layout.fillWidth: true
Layout.fillHeight: true
Layout.alignment: Qt.AlignHCenter|Qt.AlignVCenter
layoutDirection: Qt.LeftToRight
columnSpacing: 8
rowSpacing: 8
flow: GridLayout.LeftToRight
columns: 3
UeButton
{
id: ueKeypadButton1
Layout.minimumHeight: 32
Layout.preferredHeight: 32
Layout.maximumHeight: 32
ueText: qsTr("1")
}
UeButton
{
id: ueKeypadButton2
Layout.minimumHeight: 32
Layout.preferredHeight: 32
Layout.maximumHeight: 32
ueText: qsTr("2")
}
UeButton
{
id: ueKeypadButton3
Layout.minimumHeight: 32
Layout.preferredHeight: 32
Layout.maximumHeight: 32
ueText: qsTr("3")
}
UeButton
{
id: ueKeypadButton4
Layout.minimumHeight: 32
Layout.preferredHeight: 32
Layout.maximumHeight: 32
ueText: qsTr("4")
}
UeButton
{
id: ueKeypadButton5
Layout.minimumHeight: 32
Layout.preferredHeight: 32
Layout.maximumHeight: 32
ueText: qsTr("5")
}
UeButton
{
id: ueKeypadButton6
Layout.minimumHeight: 32
Layout.preferredHeight: 32
Layout.maximumHeight: 32
ueText: qsTr("6")
}
UeButton
{
id: ueKeypadButton7
Layout.minimumHeight: 32
Layout.preferredHeight: 32
Layout.maximumHeight: 32
ueText: qsTr("7")
}
UeButton
{
id: ueKeypadButton8
Layout.minimumHeight: 32
Layout.preferredHeight: 32
Layout.maximumHeight: 32
ueText: qsTr("8")
}
UeButton
{
id: ueKeypadButton9
Layout.minimumHeight: 32
Layout.preferredHeight: 32
Layout.maximumHeight: 32
ueText: qsTr("9")
}
} // GridLayout
RowLayout
{
id: ueKeypadActionLayout
Layout.fillWidth: true
Layout.fillHeight: true
Layout.alignment: Qt.AlignHCenter|Qt.AlignVCenter
layoutDirection: Qt.LeftToRight
spacing: 8
UeButton
{
id: ueKeypadButtonOk
ueText: qsTr("Ok")
} // UeButton
UeButton
{
id: ueKeypadButton0
ueText: qsTr("0")
Layout.minimumHeight: 32
Layout.preferredHeight: 32
Layout.maximumHeight: 32
} // UeButton
UeButton
{
id: ueKeypadButtonCancel
ueText: qsTr("Cancel")
} // UeButton
} // RowLayout
} // ColumnLayout
} // Rectangle
} // Item
It uses custom QML Button, named UeButton:
import QtQuick.Controls 1.4
import QtQuick.Controls.Styles 1.4
import QtQuick 2.5
Button
{
property string ueText
id: ueButton
text: ueText
style: ButtonStyle
{
background: Rectangle
{
antialiasing: true
smooth: true
gradient: Gradient
{
GradientStop
{
position: 0
color: "#ffffff"
} // GradientStop
GradientStop
{
position: 0.418
color: "#000000"
} // GradientStop
} // Gradient
border.color: "steelblue"
border.width: control.activeFocus?2:1
radius: 4
} // background
label: Text
{
color: "#ffffff"
font.bold: true
verticalAlignment: Text.AlignVCenter
horizontalAlignment: Text.AlignHCenter
font.pointSize: 16
text: control.text
} // label
} // ButtonStyle
} // ueButton
If I view first code in QtCreator's Designer Tool, I get the following situation:
Why are Buttons not spread across GridLayout? Same goes to lower RowLayout, whose Items (three Items of type UeButton) are not centered and aligned across whole RowLayout?
回答1:
The attached properties of a Layout ensures that the Items contained are correctly sized w.r.t. the given constraints.
Items can be stretched to fill the available space (fillWidth/fillHeight), forced to not shrink under a certain value (minimumWidth/minimumHeight) or not enlarge over a certain other value (maximumWidth/maximumHeight). You can also force an Item to occupy more than one row/column (rowSpan/columnSpan) and to assume a specific size (preferredWidth/preferredHeight which implies minimum == maximum).
The precedence is:
preferred <minimum/maximum < width/height
Setting a property to the left automatically discard any to the right. You can easily understand the reasoning behind this. This scheme can be somewhat "broken" by implicitWidth/implicitHeight since the size of any Item cannot shrink under these values. fill properties ensure that the Item fills the available space, according to the constrains above: if fill is not defined an Item cannot grow or shrink according to its constrains.
Now, if you want the Buttons to maintain they aspect and still stretch the grid, you can use an intermediate Item. While applying Layout attached properties to the external Item, the Buttons can be centerIn it and be unaffected.
Sample code:
import QtQuick 2.5
import QtQuick.Window 2.2
import QtQuick.Layouts 1.1
import QtQuick.Controls 1.4
Window {
width: 200; height: 200; minimumHeight: 100; visible: true
GridLayout {
anchors.fill: parent
rows: 3
columns: 3
Repeater {
model: 9
Item {
Layout.fillWidth: true
Layout.fillHeight: true
Button { anchors.centerIn: parent; width: 32; height: 32; text: index + 1 }
}
}
}
}
Instead if you want the Buttons to fill the available space, just specify fillWidth/fillHeight. Since no other layout constraints are set (e.g. minimum*, maximum*) the Buttons correctly occupy all the available space. Here is the code above revisited. As expected, width and height are simply discarded:
import QtQuick 2.5
import QtQuick.Window 2.2
import QtQuick.Layouts 1.1
import QtQuick.Controls 1.4
Window {
width: 200; height: 200; minimumHeight: 100; visible: true
GridLayout {
anchors.fill: parent
rows: 3
columns: 3
Repeater {
model: 9
Button {width: 32; height: 32; text: index + 1; // 32? NOPE!
Layout.fillWidth: true; Layout.fillHeight: true
}
}
}
}
来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/32945046/items-not-correctly-spread-across-gridlayout