最近要做一个网站，要求实现验证码进程，经过不断调试，终于成功实现功能。
一：验证码生成类
生成验证码的话需要用到java的Graphics类库，画出一个验证码
废话不多说，直接上代码123456789101112131415161718192021222324252627282930313233343536373839404142434445464748495051525354555657585960616263646566676869707172737475767778798081828384858687888990919293949596979899100101102103104105106107108109110111112113114115116117118119120
package verificationCode;import java.awt.Color;import java.awt.Font;import java.awt.Graphics;import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;import java.awt.image.RenderedImage;import java.io.File;import java.io.FileNotFoundException;import java.io.FileOutputStream;import java.io.IOException;import java.io.OutputStream;import java.util.HashMap;import java.util.Map;import java.util.Random;import javax.imageio.ImageIO;public class generateCode { private static int width = 150;// 定义图片的width private static int height = 48;// 定义图片的height private static int codeCount = 4;// 定义图片上显示验证码的个数 private static int xx = 25; private static int fontHeight = 42; private static int codeY = 42; private static char[] codeSequence = { 'A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E', 'F', 'G', 'H', 'I', 'J', 'K', 'L', 'M', 'N', 'O', 'P', 'Q', 'R', 'S', 'T', 'U', 'V', 'W', 'X', 'Y', 'Z', '0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9' }; /** * 生成一个map集合 * code为生成的验证码 * codePic为生成的验证码BufferedImage对象 * @return */ public static Map<String,Object> () { // 定义图像buffer BufferedImage buffImg = new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB); // Graphics2D gd = buffImg.createGraphics(); // Graphics2D gd = (Graphics2D) buffImg.getGraphics(); Graphics gd = buffImg.getGraphics(); // 创建一个随机数生成器类 Random random = new Random(); // 将图像填充为白色 gd.setColor(Color.WHITE); gd.fillRect(0, 0, width, height); // 创建字体，字体的大小应该根据图片的高度来定。 Font font = new Font("Fixedsys", Font.BOLD, fontHeight); // 设置字体。 gd.setFont(font); // 画边框。 gd.setColor(Color.BLACK); gd.drawRect(0, 0, width - 1, height - 1); gd.setFont(font); // 随机产生40条干扰线，使图象中的认证码不易被其它进程探测到。 int red = 0, green = 0, blue = 0; // randomCode用于保存随机产生的验证码，以便用户登录后进行验证。 StringBuffer randomCode = new StringBuffer(); // 随机产生codeCount数字的验证码。 for (int i = 0; i < codeCount; i++) { // 得到随机产生的验证码数字。 String code = String.valueOf(codeSequence[random.nextInt(36)]); // 产生随机的颜色分量来构造颜色值，这样输出的每位数字的颜色值都将不同。 red = random.nextInt(255); green = random.nextInt(255); blue = random.nextInt(255); // 用随机产生的颜色将验证码绘制到图像中。 gd.setColor(new Color(red, green, blue)); gd.drawString(code, (i + 1) * xx, codeY); // 将产生的四个随机数组合在一起。 randomCode.append(code); } for (int i = 0; i < 60; i++) { red = random.nextInt(255); green = random.nextInt(255); blue = random.nextInt(255); // 用随机产生的颜色将验证码绘制到图像中。 gd.setColor(new Color(red, green, blue)); int x = random.nextInt(width); int y = random.nextInt(height); int xl = random.nextInt(50); int yl = random.nextInt(50); gd.drawLine(x, y, x + xl, y + yl); } Map<String,Object> map =new HashMap<String,Object>(); //存放验证码 map.put("code", randomCode); //存放生成的验证码BufferedImage对象 map.put("codePic", buffImg); return map; } public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { //创建文档输出流对象 File file = new File("WebRoot/image/"+System.currentTimeMillis()+".jpg"); FileOutputStream out = null; try { if (!file.exists()) { // 先得到文档的上级目录，并创建上级目录，在创建文档 file.getParentFile().mkdir(); file.createNewFile(); } out = new FileOutputStream(file); Map<String,Object> map = generateCode.generateCodeAndPic(); ImageIO.write((RenderedImage) map.get("codePic"), "jpeg", out); System.out.println("验证码的值为："+map.get("code")); } catch (FileNotFoundException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } }}
二：验证码验证类
12345678910111213141516171819202122232425262728293031323334353637383940 | package verificationCode;大专栏 java实现验证码demo>import java.io.IOException;import javax.servlet.ServletException;import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;@WebServlet("/checkCode")public class checkCode extends HttpServlet { private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L; protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { } protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { String code = request.getParameter("code"); response.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");//保证格式正确 response.setContentType("text/html"); // 验证验证码 String sessionCode = request.getSession().getAttribute("code").toString(); if (code != null && !"".equals(code) && sessionCode != null && !"".equals(sessionCode)) { if (code.equalsIgnoreCase(sessionCode)) { response.getWriter().println("验证通过！"); } else { response.getWriter().println("验证失败！"); } } else { response.getWriter().println("验证失败！"); } }} |
三：验证码传输类
用到doget方法12345678910111213141516171819202122232425262728293031323334353637383940414243444546474849505152535455565758
package verificationCode;import java.awt.Color;import java.awt.Font;import java.awt.Graphics;import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;import java.awt.image.RenderedImage;import java.io.IOException;import java.util.HashMap;import java.util.Map;import java.util.Random;import javax.imageio.ImageIO;import javax.servlet.ServletException;import javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream;import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;import verificationCode.generateCode;/** * Servlet implementation class CodeServlet */@WebServlet("/getCode")public class CodeServlet extends HttpServlet { private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L; protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException { // 调用工具类生成的验证码和验证码图片 Map<String, Object> codeMap = generateCode.generateCodeAndPic(); // 将四位数字的验证码保存到Session中。 HttpSession session = req.getSession(); session.setAttribute("code", codeMap.get("code").toString()); // 禁止图像缓存。 resp.setHeader("Pragma", "no-cache"); resp.setHeader("Cache-Control", "no-cache"); resp.setDateHeader("Expires", 0); resp.setContentType("image/jpeg"); // 将图像输出到Servlet输出流中。 ServletOutputStream sos; try { sos = resp.getOutputStream(); ImageIO.write((RenderedImage) codeMap.get("codePic"), "jpeg", sos); sos.close(); } catch (IOException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } }}
四：jsp验证demo
12345678910111213141516171819202122232425262728293031323334353637383940414243444546 | <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%><html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><title>验证码页面</title><script type="text/javascript" src="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/js/jquery.js"></script></head><body> <form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/checkCode" method="post"> 请输入验证码：<input type="text" name="code" style="width: 80px;" /> <div id=random> <img id="imgObj" alt="验证码" src="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/getCode"> </div><button id="b01" type="button">改变内容</button><br/> <input type="submit" value="提交" /> </form></body><script type="text/javascript"> $(() { //response.getWriter().println("验证失败！"); }); $("#b01").click( function changeImg() { $("#random").html("<img id='imgObj' alt='验证码' src='${pageContext.request.contextPath}/getCode'>") var imgSrc = $("#imgObj"); var src = imgSrc.attr("src"); imgSrc.attr("src", chgUrl(src)); }); // 时间戳 // 为了使每次生成图片不一致，即不让浏览器读缓存，所以需要加上时间戳 function chgUrl(url) { var timestamp = (new Date()).valueOf(); url = url.substring(0, 20); if ((url.indexOf("&") >= 0)) { url = url + "×tamp=" + timestamp; } else { url = url + "?timestamp=" + timestamp; } return url; }</script></html> |
总结
虽然只是一个小小的demo，但是实际上用到了许多知识，比如生成验证码的画图，传输验证码doget，验证验证码的dopost和ajax动态更换验证码，麻雀虽小五脏俱全啊。