How do I use expect to connect via ssh to a system and change the password of the host system?

问题

I am automating the process of:
Connect to a system named "alpha" via ssh with password "alpha" for username "alpha". Once connected I would like to set the root password (to "kickass"). The system I am connecting to doesn't have a root password by default. I wrote this expect script to do the job but it doesn't work consistently. It works once and then if I change the password to test again, it waits at the "Enter new UNIX password:" prompt after issuing "sudo passwd root". Any ideas?

#!/usr/bin/expect -f
set arg1 [lindex $argv 0]
set force_conservative 1  ;# set to 1 to force conservative mode even if
              ;# script wasn't run conservatively originally
if {$force_conservative} {
    set send_slow {1 .1}
    proc send {ignore arg} {
        sleep .1
        exp_send -s -- $arg
    }
}

set timeout -1
spawn ssh alpha@$arg1
match_max 100000
expect -exact "password: "
send -- "alpha\r"
expect -exact "alpha@alpha:~\$ "
send -- "sudo passwd root\r"
expect -exact "password for alpha: "
send -- "alpha\r"
expect -exact "new UNIX password: "
send -- "kickass\r"
expect -exact "Retype new UNIX password: "
send -- "kickass\r"
expect -exact "alpha@alpha:~\$ "
send -- "exit\r"
expect eof

Thanks.

回答1:

Expanding on Andrei Sfrent's comment:

Sudo normally has some kind of time-out value, so that if you issue a second sudo command within the time-out period you will not be asked for your password again. You could modify the code to something like this:

send -- "sudo passwd root\r"
expect {
        -exact "password for alpha: "
            {
                send -- "alpha\r"
                exp_continue
            }

        -exact "new UNIX password: "
            {
                send -- "kickass\r"
            }
        }

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/4566830/how-do-i-use-expect-to-connect-via-ssh-to-a-system-and-change-the-password-of-th

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passwords

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expect

passwd