Notify ViewModel when View is rendered/instantiated

问题

I have a custom usercontrol (ChartControl) that I use within my WPF app (MainApp) and which I render as follows:

<ContentControl Grid.Row="1" Content="{Binding ChartControl, Mode=OneWay}" />

Upon starting MainApp the following are executed in the given order:

MainApp View MainApp ViewModel ChartControl ViewModel ChartControl View

I instantiate the ChartControl ViewModel from within the constructor of my MainApp ViewModel. The problem is that after instantiating the ChartControl ViewModel I also need to call a method of ChartControl from within MainApp.

The problem I am having is that I need the ChartControl view to be rendered (have its InitializeComponent executed) before I call the method as part of its viewmodel.

I thought one solution could be to notify the view model from the view when it is fully instantiated and set up. Is that a viable solution and if yes how would I do that?

In summary, I need the view to be fully set up before invoking a method of the matching viewmodel. The problem I am having is that in this case the view model is instantiated first and only then is the view rendered.

Any ideas?

Thanks

回答1:

You can make use of Interactivity triggers to fire Command on your VM on any UI event

You can listen to Loaded event of UserControl like below and bind it to Command on your VM:

<UserControl x:Class="Test.TestView.MyUserControl"
         xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
         xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
         xmlns:i="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/2010/interactivity"
        x:Name="myControl" >

<i:Interaction.Triggers>
    <i:EventTrigger EventName="Loaded">
        <i:InvokeCommandAction Command="{Binding ElementName=myControl, Path=OnLoadedCommand}"/>
    </i:EventTrigger>
</i:Interaction.Triggers>

And sure you will have Command in your VM as

public ICommand OnLoadedCommand { get; private set; }

public MyUserControl()
{
    OnLoadedCommand = new DelegateCommand(OnLoaded);
}

public void OnLoaded()
{
}

回答2:

Another way to hook up the Loaded event, basically rendering the same result as nit's answer, is simply referencing your viewmodel in the constructor of the view and adding an event handler which in turn calls whatever method you need to call, like this:

public MyControl()
{
   InitializeComponent();

   this.Loaded += (s, e) => { ((MyViewModel)DataContext).MyInitializer(); };
}

If you find the syntax confusing you might want to read up on Anonymous methods and Subscribing to event handlers (using anonymous methods).

回答3:

I'm using similar solution like Hogler only with reflection (lazy coupled solution). I dont want referencing specific type of my ViewModel (because of generality, interchangeability, etc.).

public MyControl()
{
   InitializeComponent();
   Loaded += MyControl_Loaded;
}

private void MyControl_Loaded(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{   
  (DataContext.GetType().GetProperty("LoadedCommand")?.
    GetValue(DataContext) as ICommand)?.
    Execute(null);
}

ViewModel can (dont have to) contain desired command like property (LoadedCommand in this case). Nothing more.

回答4:

In an MVVM world I found that when creating a visual item and putting it onto the view (in this case adding to a list) the item wouldn't be in the visual tree until the loaded event fired.

My view model contained the items list in an observable collection which the XAML view would display.

ObservableCollection<MyControl> Items;

I'd add an item to the list, but when I perform an operation that requires it to be in the visual tree and performs visual tree recursion, this couldn't happen immediately after. Instead I had to code something like this:

var newItem = new MyControl();

newItem.Loaded += NewItemLoaded;

Items.Add(new MyControl());

The event handler would then unhook and perform the operation - and at this point is was in the visual tree as required:

private void NewItemLoaded(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
    var item = sender as MyControl;
    item.Loaded -= NewItemLoaded;

    // now this item is in the visual tree, go ahead and do stuff ...
}

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/29822725/notify-viewmodel-when-view-is-rendered-instantiated

标签

wpf

mvvm

view

viewmodel