How do you clone a Git repository into a specific folder?

问题

Executing the command git clone git@github.com:whatever creates a directory in my current folder named whatever, and drops the contents of the Git repository into that folder:

/httpdocs/whatever/public

My problem is that I need the contents of the Git repository cloned into my current directory so that they appear in the proper location for the web server:

/httpdocs/public

I know how to move the files after I\'ve cloned the repository, but this seems to break Git, and I\'d like to be able to update just by calling git pull. How can I do this?

回答1:

Option A:

git clone git@github.com:whatever folder-name

Ergo, for right here use:

git clone git@github.com:whatever .

Option B:

Move the .git folder, too. Note that the .git folder is hidden in most graphical file explorers, so be sure to show hidden files.

mv /where/it/is/right/now/* /where/I/want/it/
mv /where/it/is/right/now/.* /where/I/want/it/

The first line grabs all normal files, the second line grabs dot-files. It is also possibe to do it in one line by enabling dotglob (i.e. shopt -s dotglob) but that is probably a bad solution if you are asking the question this answer answers.

Better yet:

Keep your working copy somewhere else, and create a symbolic link. Like this:

ln -s /where/it/is/right/now /the/path/I/want/to/use

For you case this would be something like:

ln -sfn /opt/projectA/prod/public /httpdocs/public

Which easily could be changed to test if you wanted it, i.e.:

ln -sfn /opt/projectA/test/public /httpdocs/public

without moving files around. Added -fn in case someone is copying these lines (-f is force, -n avoid some often unwanted interactions with already and non-existing links).

If you just want it to work, use Option A, if someone else is going to look at what you have done, use Option C.

回答2:

The example I think a lot of people asking this question are after is this. If you are in the directory you want the contents of the git repository dumped to, run:

git clone git@github.com:whatever .

The "." at the end specifies the current folder as the checkout folder.

回答3:

Go into the folder.. If the folder is empty, then:

git clone git@github.com:whatever .

else

git init
git remote add origin PATH/TO/REPO
git fetch
git checkout -t origin/master

回答4:

Basic Git Repository Cloning

You clone a repository with

git clone [url]

For example, if you want to clone the Stanford University Drupal Open Framework Git library called open_framework, you can do so like this:

$ git clone git://github.com/SU-SWS/open_framework.git

That creates a directory named open_framework (at your current local file system location), initializes a .git directory inside it, pulls down all the data for that repository, and checks out a working copy of the latest version. If you go into the newly created open_framework directory, you’ll see the project files in there, ready to be worked on or used.

Cloning a Repository Into a Specific Local Folder

If you want to clone the repository into a directory named something other than open_framework, you can specify that as the next command-line option:

$ git clone git:github.com/SU-SWS/open_framework.git mynewtheme

That command does the same thing as the previous one, but the target directory is called mynewtheme.

Git has a number of different transfer protocols you can use. The previous example uses the git:// protocol, but you may also see http(s):// or user@server:/path.git, which uses the SSH transfer protocol.

回答5:

To clone git repository into a specific folder, you can use -C <path> parameter, e.g.

git -C /httpdocs clone git@github.com:whatever

Although it'll still create a whatever folder on top of it, so to clone the content of the repository into current directory, use the following syntax:

cd /httpdocs
git clone git@github.com:whatever .

^{Note that cloning into an existing directory is only allowed when the directory is empty.}

Since you're cloning into folder that is accessible for public, consider separating your Git repository from your working tree by using --separate-git-dir=<git dir> or exclude .git folder in your web server configuration (e.g. in .htaccess file).

回答6:

When you move the files to where you want them, are you also moving the .git directory? Depending on your OS and configuration, this directory may be hidden.

It contains the repo and the supporting files, while the project files that are in your /public directory are only the versions in the currently check-out commit (master branch by default).

回答7:

Clone:

git clone git@jittre.unfuddle.com:jittre/name.git

Clone the "specific branch":

git clone -b [branch-name] git@jittre.unfuddle.com:jittre/name.git

回答8:

If you want to clone into the current folder, you should try this:

git clone https://github.com/example/example.git ./

回答9:

To clone to Present Working Directory:

git clone https://github.com/link.git

To clone to Another Directory:

git clone https://github.com/link.git ./Folder1/Folder2

Hope it Helps :)

回答10:

Usage

git clone <repository>

Clone the repository located at the <repository> onto the local machine. The original repository can be located on the local filesystem or on a remote machine accessible via HTTP or SSH.

git clone <repo> <directory>

Clone the repository located at <repository> into the folder called <directory> on the local machine.

Source: Setting up a repository

回答11:

Make sure you remove the .git repository if you are trying to check thing out into the current directory.

rm -rf .git then git clone https://github.com/symfony/symfony-sandbox.git

回答12:

Here's how I would do it, but I have made an alias to do it for me.

$ cd ~Downloads/git; git clone https:git.foo/poo.git

There is probably a more elegant way of doing this, however I found this to be easiest for myself.

Here's the alias I created to speed things along. I made it for zsh, but it should work just fine for bash or any other shell like fish, xyzsh, fizsh, and so on.

Edit ~/.zshrc, /.bashrc, etc. with your favorite editor (mine is Leafpad, so I would write $ leafpad ~/.zshrc).

My personal preference, however, is to make a zsh plugin to keep track of all my aliases. You can create a personal plugin for oh-my-zsh by running these commands:

$ cd ~/.oh-my-zsh/
$ cd plugins/
$ mkdir your-aliases-folder-name; cd your-aliases-folder-name
     # In my case '~/.oh-my-zsh/plugins/ev-aliases/ev-aliases'
$ leafpad your-zsh-aliases.plugin.zsh
     # Again, in my case 'ev-aliases.plugin.zsh'

Afterwards, add these lines to your newly created blank alises.plugin file:

# Git aliases
alias gc="cd ~/Downloads/git; git clone "

(From here, replace your name with mine.)

Then, in order to get the aliases to work, they (along with zsh) have to be sourced-in (or whatever it's called). To do so, inside your custom plugin document add this:

## Ev's Aliases

#### Remember to re-source zsh after making any changes with these commands:

#### These commands should also work, assuming ev-aliases have already been sourced before:

allsource="source $ZSH/oh-my-zsh.sh ; source /home/ev/.oh-my-zsh/plugins/ev-aliases/ev-aliases.plugin.zsh; clear"
sourceall="source $ZSH/oh-my-zsh.sh ; source /home/ev/.oh-my-zsh/plugins/ev-aliases/ev-aliases.plugin.zsh"
#### 

####################################

# git aliases

alias gc="cd ~/Downloads/git; git clone "
# alias gc="git clone "
# alias gc="cd /your/git/folder/or/whatever; git clone "

####################################

Save your oh-my-zsh plugin, and run allsource. If that does not seem to work, simply run source $ZSH/oh-my-zsh.sh; source /home/ev/.oh-my-zsh/plugins/ev-aliases/ev-aliases.plugin.zsh. That will load the plugin source which will allow you to use allsource from now on.

I'm in the process of making a Git repository with all of my aliases. Please feel free to check them out here: Ev's dot-files. Please feel free to fork and improve upon them to suit your needs.

回答13:

From some reason this syntax is not standing out:

`git clone repo-url [folder]`

Here folder is an optional path to the local folder (which will be a local repository).

Git clone will also pull code from remote repository into the local repository. In fact it is true:

git clone repo-url  =  git init + git remote add origin repo-url + git pull

回答14:

If you are using ssh for git cloning you can use the following command.

git -C path clone git@github.com:path_to_repo.git

eg: git -C /home/ubuntu/ clone git@github.com:kennethreitz/requests.git would pull the git repository for requests to your /home/ubuntu/ path.

回答15:

For Windows user 

1> Open command prompt.
2> Change the directory to destination folder (Where you want to store your project in local machine.)
3> Now go to project setting online(From where you want to clone)
4> Click on clone, and copy the clone command.
5> Now enter the same on cmd .

It will start cloning saving on the selected folder you given .

回答16:

Although all of the answers above are good, I would like to propose a new method instead of using the symbolic link method in public html directory as proposed BEST in the accepted answer. You need to have access to your server virtual host configurations.

It is about configuring virtual host of your web server directly pointing to the repository directory. In Apache you can do it like:

DocumentRoot /var/www/html/website/your-git-repo

Here is an example of a virtual host file:

<VirtualHost *:443>
    ServerName example.com

    DocumentRoot /path/to/your-git-repo
    ...
    ...
    ...
    ...
</VirtualHost>

回答17:

I will recommend you to follow the following link:

https://help.github.com/en/articles/cloning-a-repository

If you get the following error while git clone URL command

fatal: unable to access 'URL': Could not resolve host: github.com

Then use the following command to fix it:

git config --global --unset https.proxy

回答18:

Regarding this line from the original post:

"I know how to move the files after I've cloned the repo, but this seems to break git"

I am able to do that and I don't see any issues so far with my add, commit, push, pull operations.

This approach is stated above, but just not broken down into steps. Here's the steps that work for me:

clone the repo into any fresh temporary folder
cd into that root folder you just cloned locally
copy the entire contents of the folder, including the /.git directory - into any existing folder you like; (say an eclipse project that you want to merge with your repo)

The existing folder you just copied the files into , is now ready to interact with git.

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/651038/how-do-you-clone-a-git-repository-into-a-specific-folder

标签

git

repository

git-clone