I followed this post to decode my h264 video stream frames.
My data frames as bellow:
My code:
NSString * const naluTypesStrings[] =
{
@"0: Unspecified (non-VCL)",
@"1: Coded slice of a non-IDR picture (VCL)", // P frame
@"2: Coded slice data partition A (VCL)",
@"3: Coded slice data partition B (VCL)",
@"4: Coded slice data partition C (VCL)",
@"5: Coded slice of an IDR picture (VCL)", // I frame
@"6: Supplemental enhancement information (SEI) (non-VCL)",
@"7: Sequence parameter set (non-VCL)", // SPS parameter
@"8: Picture parameter set (non-VCL)", // PPS parameter
@"9: Access unit delimiter (non-VCL)",
@"10: End of sequence (non-VCL)",
@"11: End of stream (non-VCL)",
@"12: Filler data (non-VCL)",
@"13: Sequence parameter set extension (non-VCL)",
@"14: Prefix NAL unit (non-VCL)",
@"15: Subset sequence parameter set (non-VCL)",
@"16: Reserved (non-VCL)",
@"17: Reserved (non-VCL)",
@"18: Reserved (non-VCL)",
@"19: Coded slice of an auxiliary coded picture without partitioning (non-VCL)",
@"20: Coded slice extension (non-VCL)",
@"21: Coded slice extension for depth view components (non-VCL)",
@"22: Reserved (non-VCL)",
@"23: Reserved (non-VCL)",
@"24: STAP-A Single-time aggregation packet (non-VCL)",
@"25: STAP-B Single-time aggregation packet (non-VCL)",
@"26: MTAP16 Multi-time aggregation packet (non-VCL)",
@"27: MTAP24 Multi-time aggregation packet (non-VCL)",
@"28: FU-A Fragmentation unit (non-VCL)",
@"29: FU-B Fragmentation unit (non-VCL)",
@"30: Unspecified (non-VCL)",
@"31: Unspecified (non-VCL)",
};
-(void) receivedRawVideoFrame:(uint8_t *)frame withSize:(uint32_t)frameSize isIFrame:(int)isIFrame
{
// First NAUL is AUD so i skiped 6 frame
frame = &frame[6];
frameSize -= 6;
OSStatus status;
uint8_t *data = NULL;
uint8_t *pps = NULL;
uint8_t *sps = NULL;
// I know what my H.264 data source's NALUs look like so I know start code index is always 0.
// if you don't know where it starts, you can use a for loop similar to how i find the 2nd and 3rd start codes
int startCodeIndex = 0;
int secondStartCodeIndex = 0;
int thirdStartCodeIndex = 0;
int fourthStartCodeIndex = 0;
long blockLength = 0;
CMSampleBufferRef sampleBuffer = NULL;
CMBlockBufferRef blockBuffer = NULL;
int nalu_type = (frame[startCodeIndex + 4] & 0x1F);
NSLog(@"~~~~~~~ Received NALU Type \"%@\" ~~~~~~~~", naluTypesStrings[nalu_type]);
// if we havent already set up our format description with our SPS PPS parameters, we
// can't process any frames except type 7 that has our parameters
if (nalu_type != 7 && _formatDesc == NULL)
{
NSLog(@"Video error: Frame is not an I Frame and format description is null");
return;
}
// NALU type 7 is the SPS parameter NALU
if (nalu_type == 7)
{
// find where the second PPS start code begins, (the 0x00 00 00 01 code)
// from which we also get the length of the first SPS code
for (int i = startCodeIndex + 4; i < frameSize; i++)
{
if (frame[i] == 0x00 && frame[i+1] == 0x00 && frame[i+2] == 0x00 && frame[i+3] == 0x01)
{
secondStartCodeIndex = i;
_spsSize = secondStartCodeIndex; // includes the header in the size
break;
}
}
// find what the second NALU type is
nalu_type = (frame[secondStartCodeIndex + 4] & 0x1F);
NSLog(@"~~~~~~~ Received NALU Type \"%@\" ~~~~~~~~", naluTypesStrings[nalu_type]);
}
// type 8 is the PPS parameter NALU
if(nalu_type == 8)
{
// find where the NALU after this one starts so we know how long the PPS parameter is
for (int i = secondStartCodeIndex + 4; i < frameSize; i++)
{
if (frame[i] == 0x00 && frame[i+1] == 0x00 && frame[i+2] == 0x01)
{
thirdStartCodeIndex = i;
_ppsSize = thirdStartCodeIndex - _spsSize;
break;
}
}
// _ppsSize = frameSize - -_spsSize;
// allocate enough data to fit the SPS and PPS parameters into our data objects.
// VTD doesn't want you to include the start code header (4 bytes long) so we add the - 4 here
sps = malloc(_spsSize - 4);
pps = malloc(_ppsSize - 4);
// copy in the actual sps and pps values, again ignoring the 4 byte header
memcpy (sps, &frame[4], _spsSize-4);
memcpy (pps, &frame[_spsSize+4], _ppsSize-4);
// now we set our H264 parameters
uint8_t* parameterSetPointers[2] = {sps, pps};
size_t parameterSetSizes[2] = {(_spsSize-4), (_ppsSize-4)};
status = CMVideoFormatDescriptionCreateFromH264ParameterSets(kCFAllocatorDefault, 2,
(const uint8_t *const*)parameterSetPointers,
parameterSetSizes, 4,
&_formatDesc);
NSLog(@"\t\t Creation of CMVideoFormatDescription: %@", (status == noErr) ? @"successful!" : @"failed...");
if(status != noErr) NSLog(@"\t\t Format Description ERROR type: %d", (int)status);
// See if decomp session can convert from previous format description
// to the new one, if not we need to remake the decomp session.
// This snippet was not necessary for my applications but it could be for yours
// BOOL needNewDecompSession = (VTDecompressionSessionCanAcceptFormatDescription(_decompressionSession, _formatDesc) == NO);
// if(needNewDecompSession)
// {
// [self createDecompSession];
// }
// now lets handle the IDR frame that (should) come after the parameter sets
// I say "should" because that's how I expect my H264 stream to work, YMMV
nalu_type = (frame[thirdStartCodeIndex + 3] & 0x1F);
NSLog(@"~~~~~~~ Received NALU Type \"%@\" ~~~~~~~~", naluTypesStrings[nalu_type]);
}
// create our VTDecompressionSession. This isnt neccessary if you choose to use AVSampleBufferDisplayLayer
if((status == noErr) && (_decompressionSession == NULL))
{
[self createDecompSession];
}
if(nalu_type == 6)
{
for (int i = thirdStartCodeIndex + 3; i < frameSize; i++)
{
if (frame[i] == 0x00 && frame[i+1] == 0x00 && frame[i+2] == 0x01)
{
fourthStartCodeIndex = i;
_seiSize = fourthStartCodeIndex - (_spsSize + _ppsSize);
break;
}
}
// do stuff here
// [...]
nalu_type = (frame[fourthStartCodeIndex + 3] & 0x1F);
}
// type 5 is an IDR frame NALU. The SPS and PPS NALUs should always be followed by an IDR (or IFrame) NALU, as far as I know
if(nalu_type == 5)
{
// find the offset, or where the SPS and PPS NALUs end and the IDR frame NALU begins
int offset = fourthStartCodeIndex;
int fifthStartCodeIndex = 0;
for (int i = fourthStartCodeIndex + 3; i < frameSize; i++)
{
if (frame[i] == 0x00 && frame[i+1] == 0x00 && frame[i+2] == 0x01)
{
fifthStartCodeIndex = i;
break;
}
}
blockLength = fifthStartCodeIndex - offset;
data = malloc(blockLength);
data = memcpy(data, &frame[offset], blockLength);
// replace the start code header on this NALU with its size.
// AVCC format requires that you do this.
// htonl converts the unsigned int from host to network byte order
uint32_t dataLength32 = htonl (blockLength - 3);
memcpy (data, &dataLength32, sizeof (uint32_t));
// create a block buffer from the IDR NALU
status = CMBlockBufferCreateWithMemoryBlock(NULL, data, // memoryBlock to hold buffered data
blockLength, // block length of the mem block in bytes.
kCFAllocatorNull, NULL,
0, // offsetToData
blockLength, // dataLength of relevant bytes, starting at offsetToData
0, &blockBuffer);
NSLog(@"\t\t BlockBufferCreation: \t %@", (status == kCMBlockBufferNoErr) ? @"successful!" : @"failed...");
blockLength = frameSize - fifthStartCodeIndex;
data = malloc(blockLength);
data = memcpy(data, &frame[offset], blockLength);
// replace the start code header on this NALU with its size.
// AVCC format requires that you do this.
// htonl converts the unsigned int from host to network byte order
uint32_t dataLength32_1 = htonl (blockLength - 3);
memcpy (data, &dataLength32_1, sizeof (uint32_t));
status = CMBlockBufferAppendMemoryBlock(blockBuffer,
data,
blockLength,
kCFAllocatorNull,
NULL,
0,
blockLength,
0);
NSLog(@"\t\t BlockBufferAppend: \t %@", (status == kCMBlockBufferNoErr) ? @"successful!" : @"failed...");
}
// NALU type 1 is non-IDR (or PFrame) picture
if (nalu_type == 1)
{
// non-IDR frames do not have an offset due to SPS and PSS, so the approach
// is similar to the IDR frames just without the offset
blockLength = frameSize;
data = malloc(blockLength);
data = memcpy(data, &frame[0], blockLength);
// again, replace the start header with the size of the NALU
uint32_t dataLength32 = htonl (blockLength - 4);
memcpy (data, &dataLength32, sizeof (uint32_t));
status = CMBlockBufferCreateWithMemoryBlock(NULL, data, // memoryBlock to hold data. If NULL, block will be alloc when needed
blockLength, // overall length of the mem block in bytes
kCFAllocatorNull, NULL,
0, // offsetToData
blockLength, // dataLength of relevant data bytes, starting at offsetToData
0, &blockBuffer);
NSLog(@"\t\t BlockBufferCreation: \t %@", (status == kCMBlockBufferNoErr) ? @"successful!" : @"failed...");
}
// now create our sample buffer from the block buffer,
if(status == noErr)
{
// here I'm not bothering with any timing specifics since in my case we displayed all frames immediately
const size_t sampleSize = blockLength;
sampleBuffer = NULL;
status = CMSampleBufferCreate(kCFAllocatorDefault,
blockBuffer, true, NULL, NULL,
_formatDesc, 1, 0, NULL, 1,
&sampleSize, &sampleBuffer);
NSLog(@"\t\t SampleBufferCreate: \t %@", (status == noErr) ? @"successful!" : @"failed...");
}
if(status == noErr)
{
// set some values of the sample buffer's attachments
CFArrayRef attachments = CMSampleBufferGetSampleAttachmentsArray(sampleBuffer, YES);
CFMutableDictionaryRef dict = (CFMutableDictionaryRef)CFArrayGetValueAtIndex(attachments, 0);
CFDictionarySetValue(dict, kCMSampleAttachmentKey_DisplayImmediately, kCFBooleanTrue);
// either send the samplebuffer to a VTDecompressionSession or to an AVSampleBufferDisplayLayer
[self render:sampleBuffer];
}
// free memory to avoid a memory leak, do the same for sps, pps and blockbuffer
if (NULL != data)
{
free (data);
data = NULL;
}
}
-(void) createDecompSession
{
// make sure to destroy the old VTD session
_decompressionSession = NULL;
VTDecompressionOutputCallbackRecord callBackRecord;
callBackRecord.decompressionOutputCallback = decompressionSessionDecodeFrameCallback;
// this is necessary if you need to make calls to Objective C "self" from within in the callback method.
callBackRecord.decompressionOutputRefCon = (__bridge void *)self;
// you can set some desired attributes for the destination pixel buffer. I didn't use this but you may
// if you need to set some attributes, be sure to uncomment the dictionary in VTDecompressionSessionCreate
NSDictionary *destinationImageBufferAttributes = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys:
[NSNumber numberWithBool:YES],
(id)kCVPixelBufferOpenGLESCompatibilityKey,
nil];
OSStatus status = VTDecompressionSessionCreate(NULL, _formatDesc, NULL,
(__bridge CFDictionaryRef)(destinationImageBufferAttributes),
&callBackRecord, &_decompressionSession);
NSLog(@"Video Decompression Session Create: \t %@", (status == noErr) ? @"successful!" : @"failed...");
if(status != noErr) NSLog(@"\t\t VTD ERROR type: %d", (int)status);
}
void decompressionSessionDecodeFrameCallback(void *decompressionOutputRefCon,
void *sourceFrameRefCon,
OSStatus status,
VTDecodeInfoFlags infoFlags,
CVImageBufferRef imageBuffer,
CMTime presentationTimeStamp,
CMTime presentationDuration)
{
// THISCLASSNAME *streamManager = (__bridge THISCLASSNAME *)decompressionOutputRefCon;
if (status != noErr)
{
NSError *error = [NSError errorWithDomain:NSOSStatusErrorDomain code:status userInfo:nil];
NSLog(@"Decompressed error: %@", error);
}
else
{
NSLog(@"Decompressed sucessfully");
// do something with your resulting CVImageBufferRef that is your decompressed frame
// [streamManager displayDecodedFrame:imageBuffer];
}
}
- (void) render:(CMSampleBufferRef)sampleBuffer
{
VTDecodeFrameFlags flags = kVTDecodeFrame_1xRealTimePlayback;
VTDecodeInfoFlags flagOut;
NSDate* currentTime = [NSDate date];
VTDecompressionSessionDecodeFrame(_decompressionSession, sampleBuffer, flags,
(void*)CFBridgingRetain(currentTime), &flagOut);
CFRelease(sampleBuffer);
// if you're using AVSampleBufferDisplayLayer, you only need to use this line of code
// [videoLayer enqueueSampleBuffer:sampleBuffer];
}
@end
Output:
[2110:825268] ~~~~~~~ Received NALU Type "7: Sequence parameter set (non-VCL)" ~~~~~~~~
[2110:825268] ~~~~~~~ Received NALU Type "8: Picture parameter set (non-VCL)" ~~~~~~~~
[2110:825268] Creation of CMVideoFormatDescription: successful!
[2110:825268] ~~~~~~~ Received NALU Type "6: Supplemental enhancement information (SEI) (non-VCL)" ~~~~~~~~
[2110:825268] BlockBufferCreation: successful!
[2110:825268] BlockBufferAppend: successful!
[2110:825268] SampleBufferCreate: successful!
[2110:825277] Decompressed error: Error Domain=NSOSStatusErrorDomain Code=-12909 "(null)"
Please point me out what i missed.
来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/40194702/decode-h264-video-stream-to-get-image-buffer