Django 2.0: sqlite IntegrityError: FOREIGN KEY constraint failed

问题

I'm working on adding Django 2.0 support to the django-pagetree library. During automated testing, using an sqlite in-memory database, I'm getting a bunch of errors like this:

  File "/home/nnyby/src/django-pagetree/pagetree/tests/test_models.py", line 638, in setUp
    'children': [],
  File "/home/nnyby/src/django-pagetree/pagetree/models.py", line 586, in add_child_section_from_dict

...

  File "/home/nnyby/src/django-pagetree/venv/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/db/backends/base/base.py", line 239, in _commit
    return self.connection.commit()
django.db.utils.IntegrityError: FOREIGN KEY constraint failed

This is noted in the Django 2.0 release notes: https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.0/releases/2.0/#foreign-key-constraints-are-now-enabled-on-sqlite

From that description, which I don't fully understand, this shouldn't apply for test databases that aren't persistent, right? Wouldn't my sqlite test db get created with the appropriate options when using Django 2.0?

The app settings I'm using for testing are here: https://github.com/ccnmtl/django-pagetree/blob/master/runtests.py

回答1:

The documentation says two things:

1. If you have ForeignKey constraints they are now enforced at the database level. So make sure you're not violating a foreign key constraint. That's the most likely cause for your issue, although that would mean you'd have seen these issues with other databases. Look for patterns like this in your code:

   # in pagetree/models.py, line 810
   @classmethod
   def create_from_dict(cls, d):
       return cls.objects.create()  # what happens to d by the way?
   

   This will definitely fail with a ForeignKey constraint error since a PageBlock must have section, so you can't call create without first assigning it.

2. If you circumvent the foreign key constraint by performing an atomic transaction (for example) to defer committing the foreign key, your Foreign Key needs to be INITIALLY DEFERRED. Indeed, your test db should already have that since it's rebuilt every time.

回答2:

Do you have add on_delete to your FOREIGN KEY? On Django 2.0 this argument is required. You could see also: https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.0/ref/models/fields/#django.db.models.ForeignKey.on_delete https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.0/howto/upgrade-version/ https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.0/topics/db/examples/many_to_one/ https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.0/ref/models/fields/#django.db.models.ForeignKey

回答3:

A met a bit different situation with the same error. The problem was that I use the same Model name and field name

INCORRECT CODE

class Column(models.Model):
    ...

class ColumnToDepartment(models.Model):
    column = models.ForeignKey(Column, on_delete=models.CASCADE)

SULUTION

class Column(models.Model):
    ...

class ColumnToDepartment(models.Model):
    col = models.ForeignKey(Column, on_delete=models.CASCADE)

回答4:

I just had this error: sqlite3.IntegrityError: FOREIGN KEY constraint failed on my Django project. Turns out I deleted the migrations folder somewhere along the line so it didn't pick up my model changes when I ran python manage.py makemigrations. Just make sure you still have a migrations folder with migrations in.

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/47620487/django-2-0-sqlite-integrityerror-foreign-key-constraint-failed