How to extract text between two words in unix?

问题

I
am
using
basic
sed
expression :-

sed -n "am/,/sed/p" 

to get the text between "am" and "sed" which will output "am \n using \n basic \n sed". But my real problem is if the string would be :-

I
am
using
basic
grep
expression.

I applied the above sed in this sentence then it gave "am \n using \n basic \n grep \n expression" which it should not give it. How to discard the output if there would be no matching?

Any suggestions?

回答1:

The command in the question (sed -n "/am/,/sed/p", note the added slash) means:

• Find a line containing the string am
• and print (p) until a line containing sed occurs

Therefore it prints:

I am using basic grep expression

because it contains am. If you would add some more lines they will be printed, too, until a line containing sed occurs.

E.g.:

echo -e 'I am using basic grep expression.\nOne more line\nOne with sed\nOne without' | sed -n "/am/,/sed/p"

results in:

I am using basic grep expression.
One more line
One with sed

I think - what you want to do is something like that:

sed -n "s/.*\(am.*sed\).*/\1/p"

Example:

echo 'I am using basic grep expression.' | sed -n "s/.*\(am.*sed\).*/\1/p"

echo 'I am using basic sed expression.' | sed -n "s/.*\(am.*sed\).*/\1/p"
sed -n "s/.*\(am.*sed\).*/\1/p"

回答2:

You have to use slightly different sed command like:

sed -n '/am/{:a; /am/x; $!N; /sed/!{$!ba;}; /sed/{s/\n/ /gp;}}' file

To print ONLY lines that contain text am and sed spanned across multiple lines.

回答3:

When Using SED this can work but it's quite an overwhelming syntax... if you need to crop part of a multi-line (\n) text, you might want to try a simpler way using grep:

cat multi_line.txt | grep -oP '(?s)(?<=START phrase).*(?=END phrase)'

For example, I find this as the easiest way to grab perforce changelist description (without rest of CL info):

p4 describe {CL NUMBER} | grep -oP '(?s).*(?=Affected files)'

Note, you can play with the <= and >= to include or not include, the starting/ending phrases in the output.

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/6127786/how-to-extract-text-between-two-words-in-unix