How to format a floating number to fixed width in Python

问题

How do I format a floating number to a fixed width with the following requirements:

1. Leading zero if n < 1
2. Add trailing decimal zero(s) to fill up fixed width
3. Truncate decimal digits past fixed width
4. Align all decimal points

For example:

% formatter something like \'{:06}\'
numbers = [23.23, 0.123334987, 1, 4.223, 9887.2]

for number in numbers:
    print formatter.format(number)

The output would be like

  23.2300
   0.1233
   1.0000
   4.2230
9887.2000

回答1:

for x in numbers:
    print "{:10.4f}".format(x)

prints

   23.2300
    0.1233
    1.0000
    4.2230
 9887.2000

The format specifier inside the curly braces follows the Python format string syntax. Specifically, in this case, it consists of the following parts:

• The empty string before the colon means "take the next provided argument to format()" – in this case the x as the only argument.
• The 10.4f part after the colon is the format specification.
• The f denotes fixed-point notation.
• The 10 is the total width of the field being printed, lefted-padded by spaces.
• The 4 is the number of digits after the decimal point.

回答2:

It has been a few years since this was answered, but as of Python 3.6 (PEP498) you could use the new f-strings:

numbers = [23.23, 0.123334987, 1, 4.223, 9887.2]

for number in numbers:
    print(f'{number:9.4f}')

Prints:

  23.2300
   0.1233
   1.0000
   4.2230
9887.2000

回答3:

In python3 the following works:

>>> v=10.4
>>> print('% 6.2f' % v)
  10.40
>>> print('% 12.1f' % v)
        10.4
>>> print('%012.1f' % v)
0000000010.4

回答4:

See Python 3.x format string syntax:

IDLE 3.5.1   
numbers = ['23.23', '.1233', '1', '4.223', '9887.2']

for x in numbers:  
    print('{0: >#016.4f}'. format(float(x)))  

     23.2300
      0.1233
      1.0000
      4.2230
   9887.2000

回答5:

You can also left pad with zeros. For example if you want number to have 9 characters length, left padded with zeros use:

print('{:09.3f}'.format(number))

Thus, if number = 4.656, the output is: 00004.656

For your example the output will look like this:

numbers  = [23.2300, 0.1233, 1.0000, 4.2230, 9887.2000]
for x in numbers: 
    print('{:010.4f}'.format(x))

prints:

00023.2300
00000.1233
00001.0000
00004.2230
09887.2000

One example where this may be useful is when you want to properly list filenames in alphabetical order. I noticed in some linux systems, the number is: 1,10,11,..2,20,21,...

Thus if you want to enforce the necessary numeric order in filenames, you need to left pad with the appropriate number of zeros.

回答6:

In Python 3.

GPA = 2.5
print(" %6.1f " % GPA)

6.1f means after the dots 1 digits show if you print 2 digits after the dots you should only %6.2f such that %6.3f 3 digits print after the point.

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/8885663/how-to-format-a-floating-number-to-fixed-width-in-python