Python matplotlib: Change axis labels/legend from bold to regular weight

问题

I'm trying to make some publication-quality plots, but I have encountered a small problem. It seems by default that matplotlib axis labels and legend entries are weighted heavier than the axis tick marks. Is there anyway to force the axis labels/legend entries to be the same weight as the tick marks?

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np

plt.rc('text',usetex=True)
font = {'family':'serif','size':16}
plt.rc('font',**font)
plt.rc('legend',**{'fontsize':14})

x = np.linspace(0,2*np.pi,100)
y = np.sin(x)

fig = plt.figure(figsize=(5,5))
p1, = plt.plot(x,y)
p2, = plt.plot(x,x**2)
plt.xlabel('x-Axis')
plt.ylabel('y-Axis')
plt.legend([p1,p2],['Sin(x)','x$^2$'])
plt.gcf().subplots_adjust(left=0.2)
plt.gcf().subplots_adjust(bottom=0.15)
plt.savefig('Test.eps',bbox_inches='tight',format='eps')
plt.show()

I can use math-mode, but the problem (annoyance) is when I have a sentence for a label, i.e.,

plt.xlabel('$\mathrm{This is the x-axis}$') 

which squishes it all together. I can fix it by using

plt.xlabel('$\mathrm{This\: is\: the\: x-axis}$')

but that needs a lot of punctuation. I was hoping there was something that I could change that would allow me to bypass the \mathrm{} format, and use standard TeX format.

The other option I tried, was using \text instead of \mathrm, but it seems that Python's interpreter doesn't recognize this without loading the package amsmath. I have also tried:

import matplotlib
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np

plt.rc('text',usetex=True)
font = {'family':'serif','size':16}
plt.rc('font',**font)
plt.rc('legend',**{'fontsize':14})
matplotlib.rcParams['text.latex.preamble']=[r'\usepackage{amsmath}']

x = np.linspace(0,2*np.pi,100)
y = np.sin(x)

fig = plt.figure(figsize=(5,5))
p1, = plt.plot(x,y)
p2, = plt.plot(x,x**2)
plt.xlabel(r'$\text{this is the x-Axis}$')
plt.ylabel('$y-Axis$')
plt.legend([p1,p2],['Sin(x)','x$^2$'])
plt.gcf().subplots_adjust(left=0.2)
plt.gcf().subplots_adjust(bottom=0.15)
plt.savefig('Test.eps',bbox_inches='tight',format='eps')
plt.show()

This doesn't return the desired result either.

回答1:

The other answer provides a work-around to the problem... However, the problem is very specific to matplotlib and the implementation of the LateX backend.

First of all, the rc parameter controlling the font weight of the axis labels is 'axes.labelweight', which by default is set to u'normal'. This means that the labels should already be in regular weight.

The reason why the font appears to be bold can be found in matplotlib/texmanager.py:

1. The font family is chosen by 'font.family', in the case of the OP, this is serif.

2. Then, the array 'font.<font.family>' (here: font.serif) is evaluated, and the declaration of all fonts is added to the LateX preamble. Among those declarations is the line

   \renewcommand{\rmdefault}{pnc}
   

   which sets the default to New Century School Book which appears to be a bold version of Computer Modern Roman.

In conclusion, the shortest way to solve the problem is to set font.serif to contain only Computer Modern Roman:

font = {'family':'serif','size':16, 'serif': ['computer modern roman']}

This has the additional benefit that it works for all elements, even for labels and other captions - without dirty tricks using the math mode:

---

Here is the complete code to generate the plot:

import matplotlib
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np

plt.rc('text',usetex=True)
#font = {'family':'serif','size':16}
font = {'family':'serif','size':16, 'serif': ['computer modern roman']}
plt.rc('font',**font)
plt.rc('legend',**{'fontsize':14})
matplotlib.rcParams['text.latex.preamble']=[r'\usepackage{amsmath}']

x = np.linspace(0,2*np.pi,100)
y = np.sin(x)

fig = plt.figure(figsize=(5,5))
p1, = plt.plot(x,y)
p2, = plt.plot(x,x**2)
plt.xlabel(r'$\text{this is the x-Axis}$')
plt.ylabel('$y-Axis$')
plt.legend([p1,p2],['Sin(x)','x$^2$'])
plt.gcf().subplots_adjust(left=0.2)
plt.gcf().subplots_adjust(bottom=0.15)
plt.savefig('Test.eps',bbox_inches='tight',format='eps')
plt.show()

回答2:

How about:

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np

plt.rc('text',usetex=True)
font = {'family':'serif','size':16}
plt.rc('font',**font)
plt.rc('legend',**{'fontsize':14})

x = np.linspace(0,2*np.pi,100)
y = np.sin(x)

fig = plt.figure(figsize=(5,5))
p1, = plt.plot(x,y)
p2, = plt.plot(x,x**2)
plt.xlabel('$\mathrm{This is the }x\mathrm{-axis}$'.replace(' ','\: '))
plt.ylabel('$y\mathrm{-axis}$')
plt.legend([p1,p2],['$\sin(x)$','$x^2$'], loc='best')
fig.subplots_adjust(left=0.2, bottom=0.15)
plt.savefig('Test.eps',bbox_inches='tight',format='eps')
plt.show()

This uses

plt.xlabel('$\mathrm{This is the }x\mathrm{-axis}$'.replace(' ','\: '))

to replace spaces with '\: '. TeX gurus may object to this however. You may want to ask on TeX stackexchange if there is a better way.

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/16287921/python-matplotlib-change-axis-labels-legend-from-bold-to-regular-weight