According to the "Writing R Extensions" manual, there are three directories where RDA files can be placed: /R, /data, /inst/extdata
Its really hard to decipher the best-practice from the manual. Could someone comment on when/why to place RDA files in each of these three directories.
Here's the specific cases I'm solving for:
I have 1 RDA file that will be used in function examples as well as in my test_that tests (which all live in inst/tests)
Starting with the manual for package writing strikes me as a good approach. The data/ directory looks like a good bet to me. As I recall, inst/extdata was suggested for non-R data sets or some such.
The general rule still is that all directories below inst/ will be copied as-is; the data/ directory may be transformed. The manual will have details. So if you wanted it just for regression tests, you could use inst/testData (say) and, once the package is installed, you can use system.file("testData", package="yourPackageNameHere") to compute it.
You should probably be leaving the ../data/ directories in the package directories alone. Most serious users will have separate project directories in which they store their own data files. They then change the default "focus" using setwd().
来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/6113510/r-where-should-i-place-rda-file-r-data-inst-extdata