Is there a way to do something like this
int a = (b == 5) ? c : d;
using Bash?
ternary operator ? :
is just short form of if/else
case "$b" in
5) a=$c ;;
*) a=$d ;;
esac
Or
[[ $b = 5 ]] && a="$c" || a="$d"
Code:
a=$([ "$b" == 5 ] && echo "$c" || echo "$d")
If the condition is merely checking if a variable is set, there's even a shorter form:
a=${VAR:-20}
will assign to a
the value of VAR
if VAR
is set, otherwise it will assign it the default value 20
-- this can also be a result of an expression.
As alex notes in the comment, this approach is technically called "Parameter Expansion".
if [ "$b" -eq 5 ]; then a="$c"; else a="$d"; fi
The cond && op1 || op2
expression suggested in other answers has an inherent bug: if op1
has a nonzero exit status, op2
silently becomes the result; the error will also not be caught in -e
mode. So, that expression is only safe to use if op1
can never fail (e.g., :
, true
if a builtin, or variable assignment without any operations that can fail (like division and OS calls)).
Note the ""
quotes. The first pair will prevent a syntax error if $b
is blank or has whitespace. Others will prevent translation of all whitespace into single spaces.
(( a = b==5 ? c : d )) # string + numeric
[ $b == 5 ] && { a=$c; true; } || a=$d
This will avoid executing the part after || by accident when the code between && and || fails.
Here is another option where you only have to specify the variable you're assigning once, and it doesn't matter whether what your assigning is a string or a number:
VARIABLE=`[ test ] && echo VALUE_A || echo VALUE_B`
Just a thought. :)
The let command supports most of the basic operators one would need:
let a=b==5?c:d;
Naturally, this works only for assigning variables; it cannot execute other commands.
The following seems to work for my use cases:
Examples
$ tern 1 YES NO
YES
$ tern 0 YES NO
NO
$ tern 52 YES NO
YES
$ tern 52 YES NO 52
NO
and can be used in a script like so:
RESULT=$(tern 1 YES NO)
echo "The result is $RESULT"
tern
function show_help()
{
echo ""
echo "usage: BOOLEAN VALUE_IF_TRUE VALUE_IF_FALSE {FALSE_VALUE}"
echo ""
echo "e.g. "
echo ""
echo "tern 1 YES NO => YES"
echo "tern 0 YES NO => NO"
echo "tern "" YES NO => NO"
echo "tern "ANY STRING THAT ISNT 1" YES NO => NO"
echo "ME=$(tern 0 YES NO) => ME contains NO"
echo ""
exit
}
if [ "$1" == "help" ]
then
show_help
fi
if [ -z "$3" ]
then
show_help
fi
# Set a default value for what is "false" -> 0
FALSE_VALUE=${4:-0}
function main
{
if [ "$1" == "$FALSE_VALUE" ]; then
echo $3
exit;
fi;
echo $2
}
main "$1" "$2" "$3"
We can use following three ways in Shell Scripting for ternary operator :
[ $numVar == numVal ] && resVar="Yop" || resVar="Nop"
Or
resVar=$([ $numVar == numVal ] && echo "Yop" || echo "Nop")
Or
(( numVar == numVal ? (resVar=1) : (resVar=0) ))
(ping -c1 localhost&>/dev/null) && { echo "true"; } || { echo "false"; }
You can use this if you want similar syntax
a=$(( $((b==5)) ? c : d ))
There's also a very similiar syntax for ternary conditionals in bash:
a=$(( b == 5 ? 123 : 321 ))
Unfortunately, it only works with numbers - as far as I know.
Here are some options:
1- Use if then else in one line, it is possible.
if [[ "$2" == "raiz" ]] || [[ "$2" == '.' ]]; then pasta=''; else pasta="$2"; fi
2- Write a function like this:
# Once upon a time, there was an 'iif' function in MS VB ...
function iif(){
# Echoes $2 if 1,banana,true,etc and $3 if false,null,0,''
case $1 in ''|false|FALSE|null|NULL|0) echo $3;;*) echo $2;;esac
}
use inside script like this
result=`iif "$expr" 'yes' 'no'`
# or even interpolating:
result=`iif "$expr" "positive" "negative, because $1 is not true"`
3- Inspired in the case answer, a more flexible and one line use is:
case "$expr" in ''|false|FALSE|null|NULL|0) echo "no...$expr";;*) echo "yep $expr";;esac
# Expression can be something like:
expr=`expr "$var1" '>' "$var2"`
This is much like Vladimir's fine answer. If your "ternary" is a case of "if true, string, if false, empty", then you can simply do:
$ c="it was five"
$ b=3
$ a="$([[ $b -eq 5 ]] && echo "$c")"
$ echo $a
$ b=5
$ a="$([[ $b -eq 5 ]] && echo "$c")"
$ echo $a
it was five
来源:https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3953645/ternary-operator-in-bash