Prompting for a password in Haskell command line application

问题

The following Haskell program prompts the user for a password in the terminal and continues if he has entered the correct one:

main = do
    putStrLn "Password:"
    password <- getLine

    case hash password `member` database of
        False -> putStrLn "Unauthorized use!"
        True  -> do
                 ...

Unfortunately, the password will appear on the screen as the user types it, which I want to avoid.

How can I read a sequence of characters that the users types without having the show up on the screen? What is the equivalent of getLine for this purpose?

I'm on MacOS X, but I would like this to work on Windows and Linux, too.

回答1:

Do this:

module Main
where

import System.IO
import Control.Exception

main :: IO ()
main = getPassword >>= putStrLn . ("Entered: " ++)

getPassword :: IO String
getPassword = do
  putStr "Password: "
  hFlush stdout
  pass <- withEcho False getLine
  putChar '\n'
  return pass

withEcho :: Bool -> IO a -> IO a
withEcho echo action = do
  old <- hGetEcho stdin
  bracket_ (hSetEcho stdin echo) (hSetEcho stdin old) action

回答2:

There is a getPassword in System.Console.Haskeline. Probably it's an overkill for your case but someone may find it useful.

An example:

> runInputT defaultSettings $ do {p <- getPassword (Just '*') "pass:"; outputStrLn $ fromJust p}
pass:***
asd

回答3:

It is possible to disable echoing in the terminal with the System.Posix.Terminal module. However, this requires POSIX support, so may not work on Windows (I didn't check).

import System.Posix.Terminal 
import System.Posix.IO (stdInput)

getPassword :: IO String
getPassword = do
    tc <- getTerminalAttributes stdInput
    setTerminalAttributes stdInput (withoutMode tc EnableEcho) Immediately
    password <- getLine
    setTerminalAttributes stdInput tc Immediately
    return password

main = do
    putStrLn "Password:"
    password <- getPassword
    putStrLn "Name:"
    name <- getLine
    putStrLn $ "Your password is " ++ password ++ " and your name is " ++ name

Note that the stdin is line-buffered, so if you use putStr "Password:" instead of putStrLn, you need to flush the buffer first, otherwise the prompt will be inhibited also.

回答4:

withEcho can be written with a little less noise:

withEcho :: Bool -> IO a -> IO a
withEcho echo action =
    bracket (hGetEcho stdin)
            (hSetEcho stdin)
            (const $ hSetEcho stdin echo >> action)

回答5:

As I commented above, I suggest you use haskeline, which is a full prompt library. I've used it happily for LambdaCalculator with no complaints.

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/4064378/prompting-for-a-password-in-haskell-command-line-application

标签

command-line

haskell

passwords

terminal