1.查看磁盘状态
其中 /dev/mmcblk0为系统所在的SD卡、/dev/sda1为U盘:
pi@raspberrypi:~ $ sudo fdisk -l Disk /dev/mmcblk0: 14.9 GiB, 15931539456 bytes, 31116288 sectors ... Disk /dev/sda: 14.4 GiB, 15483273216 bytes, 30240768 sectors Disk model: DataTraveler 2.0 Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disklabel type: gpt Disk identifier: 55905CF3-5015-4E1B-BF7A-4E45335496D5 Device Start End Sectors Size Type /dev/sda1 2048 30240734 30238687 14.4G Microsoft basic data
2.格式化U盘
pi@raspberrypi:~ $ sudo mkfs.vfat -F 32 /dev/sda1
mkfs.fat 4.1 (2017-01-24)
pi@raspberrypi:~ $ sudo mkfs.ext4 /dev/sda1
mke2fs 1.44.5 (15-Dec-2018)
Creating filesystem with 3779835 4k blocks and 946560 inodes
Filesystem UUID: 2c022a69-ee6d-4a22-a115-11a72f7ff640
Superblock backups stored on blocks: 
    32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208
Allocating group tables: done
Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (16384 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information:
done
3.U盘的挂载与卸载
## 创建挂载点 sudo mkdir /data ## 挂载U盘 sudo mount /dev/sda1 /data ## 查看挂载情况 pi@raspberrypi:~ $ df -Th Filesystem Type Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/root ext4 15G 6.0G 7.8G 44% / /dev/sda1 ext4 15G 41M 14G 1% /data ## 卸载U盘 sudo umount /dev/sda1