There seems to be some agreement that you can\'t willy nilly point (an int*) into a char array because of the C++ aliasing rules.
From this other question -
*((int*)buf) = 42;
writes an int with a int lvalue, so there is no aliasing issue in the first place.
Yes, the placement new is necessary, otherwise you'd violate strict aliasing (assignment is access).
Is the above legal? Almost (although it will work on virtually all implementations). The pointer you've created through the cast does not point to the object, because the (now destroyed) array and the int object are not pointer-interconvertible; use std::launder((int*)buf), or better yet, use the placement new's return value.