“must be str, not bytes”

Question

I wrote a server on python:

import  socket
server_socket = socket.socket()
server_socket.bind((\'0.0.0.0\', 8820))

server_socket.listen(1)

(client_socket, clie         


        

Answer 1

You need to encode before sending a string. Example:

mySocket.send("Hello".encode() + Client_name.encode())

Or:

mySocket.send(b"Hello" + Client_name.encode())

Answer 2

Use encode/decode to convert between str and bytes before sending and after receiving:

my_socket.send('Sami'.encode('utf-8'))  # encode string before sending
data = my_socket.recv(1024).decode('utf-8')  # decode string after receiving

You can replace 'utf-8' with other character encodings depending on your use case (you might see 'cp1252' used in Windows applications, for instance).

For the server, rather than decoding the string and encoding it again after putting 'Hello ' on the front, you can skip a step and do this:

client_name = client_socket.recv(1024)
client_socket.send(b'Hello ' + client_name)

b'Hello' is a literal bytes object, rather than a str object like 'Hello'. So b'Hello' + client_name will do bytes + bytes = bytes directly, rather than converting client_name to str with .decode, adding 'Hello' to get another str and then converting back to bytes with .encode.