I have a production server running an app that uses CouchDB as its main database. I\'d like to set up a staging server that has a CouchDB instance that I can always sync back up
Your approach is what I would recommend. Copying DB and index files to a new name works as expected.
Check /_config/couchdb for your values of database_dir and view_index_dir and then
cd $database_dir
cp live_replica.couch local_copy_to_mess_with.couch
cd $view_index_dir # most likely the same dir
cp -r .live_replica_design .local_copy_to_mess_with_design
Make sure to run these commands as the owner of all the other files in these directories, e.g. couchbase, or else couchdb won't have the permissions to use the files you create. You can check correct owners and groups with ls -alR.