How to open Ubuntu GUI inside a Docker image

Question

I have downloaded the Ubuntu image inside Docker on Windows.

I can run Ubuntu by:

docker run -it ubuntu

I only see root

Answer 1

You can directly connect a Docker container to your X server.

See Stack Overflow question Can you run GUI applications in a Docker container?.

Answer 2

fcwu/docker-ubuntu-vnc-desktop

https://github.com/fcwu/docker-ubuntu-vnc-desktop provides a convenient setup:

docker run --name ubvnc -p 6080:80 -p 5900:5900 dorowu/ubuntu-desktop-lxde-vnc:bionic

Then either:

• visit: http://127.0.0.1:6080/#/ which runs a noVNC more limited JavaScript VNC client

• run:

  sudo apt-get install tigervnc-viewer
  xtigervncviewer :5900
  

  Then inside vinagre, you might want to go into full screen mode to be able to see the full desktop

  I also tried vinagre, but it was much laggier when scrolling Firefox on YouTube.

To quit just kill docker on the terminal. And to restart the machine:

docker start ubvnc

and then reconnect with VNC. Then to quit the machine:

docker stop ubvnc

You have to wait a few seconds for the VNC server on the guest to start before you can connect.

Chromium inside the guest won't start from the menu. If you try to launch it from the command line it explains why:

Running as root without --no-sandbox is not supported. See https://crbug.com/638180.

so just run it from the CLI with:

chromium-browser --no-sandbox

Firefox does not care however.

TODO: no audio. --device /dev/snd did not help:

• How to play sound in a docker container
• https://forums.docker.com/t/how-to-get-sound/36527
• https://github.com/fcwu/docker-ubuntu-vnc-desktop/issues/49

See also:

• Can you run GUI applications in a Docker container?

Tested on Ubuntu 19.04 host, fcwu/docker-ubuntu-vnc-desktop, dorowu/ubuntu-desktop-lxde-vnc image id: 70516b87e92d.

Answer 3

Generally, the approach for developing with Docker is to keep the IDE on the workstation, and build images with the binary produced from the sources.

You can find many example of such a workflow (local compilation, deployment in Docker containers) in domeide.github.io/ (Docker meets the IDE!)
For example: Docker Tools for VisualStudio allows for a tight integration between your editor and Docker processes.

(But this is for Visual Studio 2015, not Visual Studio Code.)