I have a helper like
Template.user_profile.helpers({
  user:function() {
     return Meteor.users.find({\'profile.front_name\':Session.get(\'slug\')}).fetch(         
        I've just accidentally discovered this in the console:
Template.registerHelper
function (name, func) {                                                                             
  Blaze._globalHelpers[name] = func;                                                                                   
} 
So, Blaze._globalHelpers is what we are looking for!
You might not even need to call a helper like that. There is a currentUser helper already built in.
http://docs.meteor.com/#template_currentuser
{{currentUser}}
maybe this would work for you:
  //js
Template.foo.helpers({ bar: function() {
 return this.userId == Meteor.userId(); },
 domain: function() {
 var a = document.createElement('a'); a.href = this.url;
 return a.hostname;
 } });
 ownsDocument = function(userId, doc) { return doc && doc.userId === userId;}
 Posts = new Meteor.Collection('posts');
 Posts.allow({
 update: ownsDocument, remove: ownsDocument
 });
  //html
{{#if bar}}<a href="{{pathFor 'postEdit'}}">Edit</a>{{/if}}
As I was searching for a way to call a helper from another helper, I found that Meteor 1.0 defines "Template.registeredHelpers" that are available for all other helpers to use. https://docs.meteor.com/#/full/template_registerhelper
Template.registerHelper("checkedIf",function(value){
  return value?"checked":"";
});
You can call a template helper (not global helper - which is in outluch's answer) with:
Template.tplName.__helpers.get('helper').call()
MDG suggests using a regular function and then passing it to helpers, events and so on. See here.
Update 16.06.16
Actually I strongly advise to simply use manuel:viewmodel - it alleviates so many Blaze headaches...