Git merge submodule into parent tree cleanly and preserving commit history

Question

I have a repository with two submodules that I want to convert into a single project. Many answers involve scripts, and some seem to be overcomplicated.

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Answer 1

A bit late to the party, but for those still looking for help, checkout these:

1. https://gitirc.eu/howto/using-merge-subtree.html
2. https://help.github.com/en/github/using-git/about-git-subtree-merges

Below is a somewhat verbatim copy the first post:

1. git remote add -f Bproject /path/to/B
2. git merge -s ours --no-commit --allow-unrelated-histories Bproject/master
3. git read-tree --prefix=dir-B/ -u Bproject/master
4. git commit -m "Merge B project as our subdirectory"

5. git pull -s subtree Bproject master

The explanation

1. name the other project "Bproject", and fetch.
2. prepare for the later step to record the result as a merge.
3. read "master" branch of Bproject to the subdirectory "dir-B".
4. record the merge result.

5. pull in subsequent update from Bproject using "subtree" merge

As an alternative before step 4, you might want to update .gitmodules file, or just remove it:

3.1 git rm --cached .gitmodules

With this the history from the submodule is well preserved.

Answer 2

The best approach is to do subtree merging.

First, remove the submodules and related configuration from your superproject; Edit your .gitmodules file to remove the submodules affected, or delete the file entirely if you intend to merge all submodules. Delete the submodule directories as well.

Next, add the submodule repositories as proper remotes to your superproject:

git remote add site https://ajf-@bitbucket.org/ajf-/site.git
git remote add wpsite https://ajf-@bitbucket.org/ajf-/wpsite.git

Then, fetch the remotes:

git fetch --all

Now, check out the branches that you want to graft to your main project from each sub-project:

git checkout -b site-branch site/some_branch
git checkout -b wpsite-branch wpsite/some_other_branch

After that, return to the master branch, or to the branch where you want to create the combined superproject:

git checkout master

If you want to create a (possibly temporary) extra branch for the operation, do this instead:

git checkout -b new-superproject master

You're now ready to merge the module branches as subtrees with your main project (in the master branch in this example):

git read-tree --prefix=site/ -u site-branch
git read-tree --prefix=wpsite/ -u wpsite-branch

And you're done. Check the result with gitk --all.

Since you want to convert into a single project, you're not going to update the subprojects independently, so I'm not going to describe how that works.

You can read up on this in the chapter on subtree merging from Pro Git