I am currently seeing a set of errors across my builds.
Is this expected behaviour if you loose Jenkins (say to a box crash, or a kill -9)?
Or is there somet
You'll see that error if the Jenkins master loses connectivity with the slave. It could be due to any of the three issues you listed above:
Manually killing the slave process
The slave server becoming unavailable
A network problem between the master and the slave
For me the node configuration had a wrong "Remote FS Root". So check if all the config parameters on the master for this slave node are correct. Jenkins doesn't complain a thing but terminates the connection.
I struggled a lot before determining it was the node config. At least the error message on the master should be more explicit or informative.
I resolved it by a simple restart of the master Jenkins server.
Since 1.520, Jenkins requires Java 6 or later, one of the possibility of this error is that you dont have java 6 or later on slave/remote. Resolution is to update your remote machine with java 6 or later or set correct environment variable which SSH uses while it logs in into slave machine.