How do you mock an IAsyncEnumerable?

Question

I want to unit test a method that calls another method of a service returning an IAsyncEnumerable. I have created a a mock of my service Mock<

Answer 1

One way of solving this is to use dedicated test classes that wrap an IEnumerable that is enumerated synchronously.

TestAsyncEnumerable.cs

internal class TestAsyncEnumerable<T> : List<T>, IAsyncEnumerable<T>
{
   public TestAsyncEnumerable(IEnumerable<T> enumerable) : base(enumerable) { }

   public IAsyncEnumerator<T> GetAsyncEnumerator(CancellationToken cancellationToken = default) => new TestAsyncEnumerator<T>(GetEnumerator());
}

internal class TestAsyncEnumerator<T> : IAsyncEnumerator<T>
{
   private readonly IEnumerator<T> _inner;

   public TestAsyncEnumerator(IEnumerator<T> inner)
   {
      _inner = inner;
   }

   public ValueTask<bool> MoveNextAsync() => new ValueTask<bool>(_inner.MoveNext());

   public T Current => _inner.Current;

   public ValueTask DisposeAsync()
   {
      _inner.Dispose();

      return new ValueTask(Task.CompletedTask);
   }
}

Usage:

[Fact]
public async Task MyTest() {
   var myItemRepository = A.Fake<IMyItemRepository>();

   A.CallTo(       () => myRepository.GetAll())
    .ReturnsLazily(() => new TestAsyncEnumerable<MyItem>(new List<MyItem> { new MyItem(), ... }));


   //////////////////
   /// ACT & ASSERT
   ////////
}

Answer 2

It really depends on which mocking framework your using. But, it would be something simple like this example using Moq

var data = new [] {1,2,3,4};
var mockSvc = new Mock<MyService>();
mockSvc.Setup(obj => obj.CallSomethingReturningAsyncStream()).Returns(data.ToAsyncEnumerable());

Answer 3

If you don’t want to do anything special, e.g. a delayed return which is usually the point of async enumerables, then you can just create a generator function that returns the values for you.

public static async IAsyncEnumerable<string> GetTestValues()
{
    yield return "foo";
    yield return "bar";

    await Task.CompletedTask; // to make the compiler warning go away
}

With that, you can simply create a mock for your service and test your object:

var serviceMock = new Mock<IMyService>();
serviceMock.Setup(s => s.CallSomethingReturningAsyncStream()).Returns(GetTestValues);

var thing = new Thing(serviceMock.Object);
var result = await thing.MyMethodIWantToTest();
Assert.Equal("foo", result[0]);
Assert.Equal("bar", result[1]);

Of course, since you are now using a generator function, you can also make this more complicated and add actual delays, or even include some mechanism to control the yielding.

Answer 4

I recommend using ToAsyncEnumerable from System.Linq.Async, as Jeroen suggested. It seems like you're using Moq, so this would look like:

async Task MyTest()
{
  var mock = new Mock<MyService>();
  var mockData = new[] { "first", "second" };
  mock.Setup(x => x.CallSomethingReturningAsyncStream()).Returns(mockData.ToAsyncEnumerable());

  var sut = new SystemUnderTest(mock.Object);
  var result = await sut.MyMethodIWantToTest();

  // TODO: verify `result`
}