I get a runtime error if I try to convert camera preview YUV byte array to a RGB(A) byte array with Imgproc.cvtColor( mYUV_Mat, mRgba_Mat, Imgproc.COLOR_YUV420sp2RGBA, 4 ) i
Maybe the Imgproc library isn't properly included in your project, but other OpenCV libraries are? The line that crashes is the first line where you use a method from Imgproc, which would explain why earlier parts of the code run correctly.
Your code looks fine, except you can use the no-argument constructor for mRgba_Mat (since most OpenCV4Android functions, including cvtColor, can infer the required size of the destination matrix), and you're allocating a lot of wasted space for mYUV_Mat. You don't need a full 4 channels if you just allocate YUV matrices 50% more space than their RGB counterparts:
mYUV_Mat = new Mat( newImageHeight + newImageHeight / 2, newImageWidth, CvType.CV_8UC1 );