How can I pass an F# delegate to a P/Invoke method expecting a function pointer?

Question

I\'m attempting to set up a low-level keyboard hook using P/Invoke in an F# application. The Win32 function SetWindowsHookEx takes a HOOKPROC for

Answer 1

Have you tried to use managed C++ with this. It can make a lot of the translation pretty seamless. You won't need P/Invoke then.

EDIT: I'd like to note one fairly important thing: compiler will do more type-checking for you. I am sure you love your type-checking, since you use F# for the rest of the app (hopefully).

Answer 2

Your LowLevelKeyboardProc definition is wrong. Change from

type LowLevelKeyboardProc = delegate of (int * IntPtr * IntPtr) -> IntPtr

to

type LowLevelKeyboardProc = delegate of int * IntPtr * IntPtr -> IntPtr

or better yet

type LowLevelKeyboardProc = delegate of int * nativeint * nativeint -> nativeint

or better yet

[<StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)>]
type KBDLLHOOKSTRUCT =
    val vkCode      : uint32
    val scanCode    : uint32
    val flags       : uint32
    val time        : uint32
    val dwExtraInfo : nativeint

type LowLevelKeyboardProc =
    delegate of int * nativeint * KBDLLHOOKSTRUCT -> nativeint

In all of the above cases, proc will need to use curried form rather than tupled form.

Also note that you should add SetLastError = true to all of the externed functions whose documentation says to call GetLastError upon failure (which is the case for GetModuleHandle, SetWindowsHookEx, and UnhookWindowsHookEx). That way if any fail (and you should be checking the return values...), you can simply raise a Win32Exception or call Marshal.GetLastWin32Error to get proper diagnostics.

EDIT: Just for the sake of clarity, here are all the P/Invoke signatures I successfully tested locally:

[<Literal>]
let WH_KEYBOARD_LL = 13

[<StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)>]
type KBDLLHOOKSTRUCT =
    val vkCode      : uint32
    val scanCode    : uint32
    val flags       : uint32
    val time        : uint32
    val dwExtraInfo : nativeint

type LowLevelKeyboardProc = delegate of int * nativeint * KBDLLHOOKSTRUCT -> nativeint

[<DllImport("kernel32.dll")>]
extern uint32 GetCurrentThreadId()

[<DllImport("kernel32.dll", SetLastError = true)>]
extern nativeint GetModuleHandle(string lpModuleName)

[<DllImport("user32.dll", SetLastError = true)>]
extern bool UnhookWindowsHookEx(nativeint hhk)

[<DllImport("user32.dll", SetLastError = true)>]
extern nativeint SetWindowsHookEx(int idhook, LowLevelKeyboardProc proc, nativeint hMod, uint32 threadId)

Also note that this would work equally as well, if you prefer value semantics for KBDLLHOOKSTRUCT:

[<Struct; StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)>]
type KBDLLHOOKSTRUCT =
    val vkCode      : uint32
    val scanCode    : uint32
    val flags       : uint32
    val time        : uint32
    val dwExtraInfo : nativeint

type LowLevelKeyboardProc = delegate of int * nativeint * byref<KBDLLHOOKSTRUCT> -> nativeint