Java XML Schema validation: prefix not bound

Question

I have followed this tutorial for validating XML files. But I am receiving exception when validating XML file. What I am doing wrong? My codes:
XML schema:

Answer 1

Add this line to your schema, just below the first line:

<xs:schema xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">

... and a closing tag as the last line in the schema:

</xs:schema>

Answer 2

The XML schema file itself needs to be a valid XML document. You are missing the outer schema element and the namespace declaration for the xs prefix.

<xs:schema xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">
    <!-- schema elements here -->
</xs:schema>