How to calculate the font's width?

Question

I am using java to draw some text, but it is hard for me to calculate the string\'s width. for example: zheng中国... How long will this string occupy?

Answer 1

See Graphics.getFontMetrics() and FontMetrics.stringWidth().

Answer 2

Take a look at this great presentation, especially "Text Measurement" part. It explains available sizes and their uses: Advanced Java 2D™ topics for Desktop Applications.

Some more information in Java2D FAQ: What is the difference between logical, visual and pixel bounds?

Answer 3

here is a simple app that can show you how to use FontMetrics when testing the width of a String:

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;

import javax.swing.*;

public class GUITest {
    JFrame frame;
    public static void main(String[] args){
        new GUITest();
    }
    public GUITest() {
        frame = new JFrame("test");
        frame.setSize(300,300);
        addStuffToFrame();
        SwingUtilities.invokeLater(new Runnable(){
            public void run() {
                frame.setVisible(true);
            }
        });
    }           

    private void addStuffToFrame() {    
        JPanel panel = new JPanel(new GridLayout(3,1));
        final JLabel label = new JLabel();
        final JTextField tf = new JTextField(); 
        JButton b = new JButton("calc sting width");
        b.addActionListener(new ActionListener(){
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                FontMetrics fm = label.getFontMetrics(label.getFont());
                String text = tf.getText();
                int textWidth = fm.stringWidth(text);
                label.setText("text width for \""+text+"\": " +textWidth);
            }
        });
        panel.add(label);
        panel.add(tf);
        panel.add(b);
        frame.setContentPane(panel);
    }


}

Answer 4

Use the getWidth method in the following class:

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.geom.*;
import java.awt.font.*;

class StringMetrics {

  Font font;
  FontRenderContext context;

  public StringMetrics(Graphics2D g2) {

    font = g2.getFont();
    context = g2.getFontRenderContext();
  }

  Rectangle2D getBounds(String message) {

    return font.getStringBounds(message, context);
  }

  double getWidth(String message) {

    Rectangle2D bounds = getBounds(message);
    return bounds.getWidth();
  }

  double getHeight(String message) {

    Rectangle2D bounds = getBounds(message);
    return bounds.getHeight();
  }

}

Answer 5

You can find it from Font.getStringBounds():

String string = "Hello World";
// Passing or initializing an instance of Font.
Font font = ...;
int width = (int) font.getStringBounds(string, new FontRenderContext(font.getTransform(), false, false)).getBounds().getWidth();

Answer 6

For a single string, you can obtain the metrics for the given drawing font, and use that to calculate the string size. For example:

String      message = new String("Hello, StackOverflow!");
Font        defaultFont = new Font("Helvetica", Font.PLAIN, 12);
FontMetrics fontMetrics = new FontMetrics(defaultFont);
//...
int width = fontMetrics.stringWidth(message);

If you have more complex text layout requirements, such as flowing a paragraph of text within a given width, you can create a java.awt.font.TextLayout object, such as this example (from the docs):

Graphics2D g = ...;
Point2D loc = ...;
Font font = Font.getFont("Helvetica-bold-italic");
FontRenderContext frc = g.getFontRenderContext();
TextLayout layout = new TextLayout("This is a string", font, frc);
layout.draw(g, (float)loc.getX(), (float)loc.getY());

Rectangle2D bounds = layout.getBounds();
bounds.setRect(bounds.getX()+loc.getX(),
              bounds.getY()+loc.getY(),
              bounds.getWidth(),
              bounds.getHeight());
g.draw(bounds);