How to create an XML document with a namespaced root element with Nokogiri Builder

Question

I\'m implementing an exporter for XML data that requires namespaces. I\'m using Nokogiri\'s XML Builder (version 1.4.0) to do this, however, I can\'t get Nokogiri to create

Answer 1

require 'rubygems'
require 'nokogiri'

puts Nokogiri::XML::Builder.new do |xml| 
  xml.root("xmlns:foo"=>"url") do
    xml.parent.namespace = xml.parent.namespace_definitions.find{|ns|ns.prefix=="foo"}
    xml['foo'].child
  end
end.to_xml

You cannot use xml['foo'] before the namespace is defined, I.E. before you pass it as an argument to the root node, thus, the code above added the namespace after-the-fact to the root node.

Answer 2

Three years after Luke's answer, it's gotten yet simpler. You can now use the namespace "before" it's defined. This code:

require 'nokogiri'

NAMESPACES = { 'xmlns:foo' => 'bar', 'xmlns:baz' => 'bat' }

builder = Nokogiri::XML::Builder.new { |xml|
  xml['foo'].RootElement(NAMESPACES) {
    xml['baz'].FirstChild
  }
}

puts builder.to_xml

Outputs this XML:

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<foo:RootElement xmlns:foo="bar" xmlns:baz="bat">
  <baz:FirstChild/>
</foo:RootElement>

Answer 3

Two years later, I found a cleaner way to do this by using Nokogiri::XML::Builder's document reference to retrieve the root node and add the namespace(s) to that. Like the previous solution, it requires the root node to exist before the namespaces can be added to it.

I've changed the <root> element to <rootElement> so this is more clear:

builder = Nokogiri::XML::Builder.new do |xml| 
  xml.rootElement do
    # create a namespace and save it for later
    ns = xml.doc.root.add_namespace_definition('foo', 'my-ns-url')
    # you can also create multiple name spaces
    xml.doc.root.add_namespace_definition('bar', 'http://example.com/bar')

    # assign the saved namespace to rootElement
    xml.doc.root.namespace = ns

    xml['foo'].child
    xml['bar'].child
  end
end

Now, builder.to_xml will return:

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<foo:rootElement xmlns:foo="my-ns-url" xmlns:bar="http://example.com/bar">
  <foo:child/>
  <bar:child/>
</foo:rootElement>

I like this better because you don't have to search for the name space, and it's easier to add multiple namespaces.