Sieve of Eratosthenes in Ruby

Question

Rather than scraping a Ruby version of this algorithm off the net I wanted to create my own based on its description here. However I cannot figure out two things

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Answer 1

The following seems to work. I took out the floating point arithmetic and squared instead of square rooting. I also replaced the deletion loop with a "select" call.

while primes[index]**2 <= primes.last
      prime = primes[index]
      primes = primes.select { |x| x == prime || x%prime != 0 }
      index += 1
end

Edit: I think I figured out how you're trying to do this. The following seems to work, and seems to be more in line with your original approach.

while Math.sqrt(primes.last).ceil >= primes[index]
    (primes[index] * 2).step(primes.last, primes[index]) do
      |x|
      primes.delete(x)
    end
    index += 1
end

Answer 2

There's a faster implementation at www.scriptol.org:

def sieve_upto(top)
  sieve = []
  for i in 2 .. top
    sieve[i] = i
  end
  for i in 2 .. Math.sqrt(top)
    next unless sieve[i]
    (i*i).step(top, i) do |j|
      sieve[j] = nil
    end
  end
  sieve.compact
end

I think it can be improved on slightly thus:

def better_sieve_upto(n)
  s = (0..n).to_a
  s[0] = s[1] = nil
  s.each do |p|
    next unless p
    break if p * p > n
    (p*p).step(n, p) { |m| s[m] = nil }
  end
  s.compact
end

...largely because of the faster array initialisation, I think, but it's marginal. (I added #compact to both to eliminate the unwanted nils)

Answer 3

This is a reference for those who are interested. The code is from this site.

This code uses Sieve of Eratosthenes as well.

n = 1000000
ns = (n**0.5).to_i + 1
is_prime = [false, false] + [true]*(n-1)
2.upto(ns) do |i|
  next if !is_prime[i]
  (i*i).step(n, i) do |j|
    is_prime[j] = false
  end
end

count = 0
list = (0..n).map do |i|
  count += 1 if is_prime[i]
  count
end

while gets
  puts list[$_.to_i]
end

And here is another one.

def eratosthenes(n)
  nums = [nil, nil, *2..n]
  (2..Math.sqrt(n)).each do |i|
    (i**2..n).step(i){|m| nums[m] = nil}  if nums[i]
  end
  nums.compact
end

p eratosthenes(100)

Answer 4

This is a pretty straightforward implementation of the Wikipedia article pseudocode, using a bit array.

#!/usr/bin/env ruby -w

require 'rubygems'
require 'bitarray'

def eratosthenes(n)

   a = BitArray.new(n+1)

   (4..n).step(2) { |i|
      a[i] = 1
   }

   (3..(Math.sqrt(n))).each { |i|
       if(a[i] == 0)
           ((i*i)..n).step(2*i) { |j|
               a[j] = 1
           }
       end
   }
   a
 end

def primes(n)
    primes = Array.new
     eratosthenes(n).each_with_index { |isPrime, idx|
        primes << idx if isPrime == 0
     }
     primes[2..-1]
end

Answer 5

or

x = []
Prime.each(123) do |p|
  x << p
end

There may be a way to use inject here but the inception thing hurts my head today.