I am in the process of developing an e-book for various mobile devices. This e-book will involve mathematics and it is meant to serve kids in the junior school on tablets an
You should check out the Getting Started guides from Cordova as it will tell you how to get going with each platform.
I have also read the PhoneGap Essentials and found it a good way to get up to speed on the platform.
Total disclosure up front that I am on the product team, but Red Gate make a product that allows you to develop Cordova applications from within Visual Studio so if that is an environment that you are familiar with then you should check it out, it is called Nomad for Visual Studio
There are a lot of available tutorials.
Best of them can be found directly on Phonegap/Cordova web pages:
Phonegap/Cordova installation and configuration:
MacOS Cordova + Android : http://docs.phonegap.com/en/2.1.0/guide_getting-started_android_index.md.html#Getting%20Started%20with%20Android
MacOS Cordova + iOS : http://docs.phonegap.com/en/2.1.0/guide_getting-started_ios_index.md.html#Getting%20Started%20with%20iOS
Windows/MacOS Cordova + Android : http://docs.phonegap.com/en/2.2.0/guide_getting-started_android_index.md.html
and
http://iphonedevlog.wordpress.com/2012/11/20/building-a-phonegap-android-app-on-windows-cordova-2-2-0-with-eclipse/
A lot of phonegap examples: http://www.mobiledevelopersolutions.com/home/start/twominutetutorials
Jquery + Phonegap/Cordova
App example: http://coenraets.org/blog/2011/10/sample-application-with-jquery-mobile-and-phonegap/
Nothing complex but usable: http://pieterderycke.wordpress.com/2012/03/26/developing-mobile-applications-with-phonegap-and-jquery-mobile/
Official jQuery Mobile + Phonegap know how : http://jquerymobile.com/test/docs/pages/phonegap.html
And here's probably one of the best tutorials: http://mobile.tutsplus.com/tutorials/mobile-web-apps/jquery_android/
Rest:
My article about the Hybrid/native apps: https://stackoverflow.com/a/14069937/1848600
My article on the Phonegap performance issues: https://stackoverflow.com/a/13572977/1848600
E-Book :
JQUERY DOCUMENT READY VS JQUERY MOBILE PAGE EVENTS
JQUERY MOBILE AND HOW TO ENHANCE THE MARKUP OF DYNAMICALLY ADDED CONTENT
HOW JQUERY MOBILE PAGE HANDLING AFFECTS JAVASCRIPT EXECUTION
SECRETS OF A GOOD JQUERY MOBILE PAGE ARCHITECTURE