Assuming I have this query ( pseudo) :
Select T.a,
T.b,
(select top 1 element from fn_split(c,\',\') where element=T.element)
From largeTabl
The problem is with your split function. It is doing the split in an RBAR fashion. You should use a set-based splitter. Here is the DelimitedSplit8k by Jeff Moden, which is one of the fastest splitter there is:
CREATE FUNCTION [dbo].[DelimitedSplit8K](
@pString VARCHAR(8000), @pDelimiter CHAR(1)
)
RETURNS TABLE WITH SCHEMABINDING AS
RETURN
WITH E1(N) AS (
SELECT 1 UNION ALL SELECT 1 UNION ALL SELECT 1 UNION ALL SELECT 1 UNION ALL SELECT 1 UNION ALL
SELECT 1 UNION ALL SELECT 1 UNION ALL SELECT 1 UNION ALL SELECT 1 UNION ALL SELECT 1
)
,E2(N) AS (SELECT 1 FROM E1 a, E1 b)
,E4(N) AS (SELECT 1 FROM E2 a, E2 b)
,cteTally(N) AS(
SELECT TOP (ISNULL(DATALENGTH(@pString), 0)) ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY (SELECT NULL)) FROM E4
)
,cteStart(N1) AS(
SELECT 1 UNION ALL
SELECT t.N+1 FROM cteTally t WHERE SUBSTRING(@pString, t.N, 1) = @pDelimiter
),
cteLen(N1, L1) AS(
SELECT
s.N1,
ISNULL(NULLIF(CHARINDEX(@pDelimiter, @pString, s.N1),0) - s.N1, 8000)
FROM cteStart s
)
SELECT
ItemNumber = ROW_NUMBER() OVER(ORDER BY l.N1),
Item = SUBSTRING(@pString, l.N1, l.L1)
FROM cteLen l
Note: Be sure to look into the article for the updated function
For more split functions, read these articles by Sir Aaron Bertrand: